Abbott-Smith Greek Lexicon
Ἰωνᾶς
- Transliteration
- Iōnas
- Language
- Greek
- Part of speech
- N:N-M-P
- Indexed occurrences
- 9
Glosses
Jonah, Jonas
Lexicon definition
Ἰωνᾶς, -ᾶ, ὁ (Heb. יוֹנָה), Jonah, the prophet: Mat.12:39-41 16:4, Luk.11:29-30, 32.† (AS)
SUBJECT · Complete Bible Study
Jonah
Son of Amittai, the fifth of the minor prophets, was born at Gath-hepher, in Galilee. He is generally considered as the most ancient of the prophets, and is supposed to have lived B. Jonah is rendered in the installed Bible Names resource as “or Jonas, a dove; he that oppresses; destroyer.” This unified study connects 8 installed resource categories without replacing their source records.
View overview sources
- Historical Reference: Nave’s Topical Bible — Public domain
- Historical Reference: Hitchcock’s Bible Names Dictionary (1869)
- Historical Reference: topics
- Historical Reference: Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
- Historical Reference: A Biblical and Theological Dictionary
- Historical Reference: concordance
- Historical Reference: STEPBible TBESG (based primarily on Abbott-Smith)
- Historical Reference: Installed reference work
FEATURED STUDY · Resource Coverage 84/100
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Move from the subject to its key Scripture, original-language evidence, and connected studies. The trail organizes research without deciding a theological conclusion.
1. Examine the Text2. Check the Context3. Test the Tradition4. Follow the Evidence5. Reach the Verdict
Study overview
Study at a glance
- Subject type
- Subject
- Strong’s
- G2495, H3124
- Hebrew
- יוֹנָה · Yôwnâh
- Greek
- Ἰωνᾶς · Iōnas
- Name meaning
- or Jonas, a dove; he that oppresses; destroyer According to Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
Strong’s and original-language information
G2495
Strong’s Hebrew and Greek Lexicon
יוֹנָה
- Transliteration
- Yôwnâh
- Pronunciation
- yo-naw'
- Language
- Hebrew
- Indexed occurrences
- 19
Glosses
Jonah.
Lexicon definition
Jonah, an Israelite
Strong’s Hebrew and Greek Lexicon
יוֹנָה
- Transliteration
- yôwnâh
- Pronunciation
- yo-naw'
- Language
- Hebrew
- Indexed occurrences
- 32
Glosses
dove, pigeon.
Lexicon definition
a dove (apparently from the warmth of their mating)
Complete dictionary entries
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
Jonah
or Jonas, a dove; he that oppresses; destroyer
Source: Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary · View data sources
A Biblical and Theological Dictionary
JONAH
son of Amittai, the fifth of the minor prophets, was born at Gath-hepher, in Galilee. He is generally considered as the most ancient of the prophets, and is supposed to have lived B. C. 840. The book of Jonah is chiefly narrative. He relates that he was commanded by God to go to Nineveh, and preach against the inhabitants of that capital of the Assyrian empire; that, through fear of executing this commission, he set sail for Tarshish; and that, in his voyage thither, a tempest arising, he was cast by the mariners into the sea, and swallowed by a large fish; that, while he was in the belly of this fish, he prayed to God, and was, after three days and three nights, delivered out of it alive; that he then received a second command to go and preach against Nineveh, which he obeyed; that, upon his threatening the destruction of the city within forty days, the king and people proclaimed a fast, and repented of their sins; and that, upon this repentance, God suspended the sentence which he had ordered to be pronounced in his name. Upon their repentance, God deferred the execution of his judgment till the increase of their iniquities made them ripe for destruction, about a hundred and fifty years afterward. The last chapter gives an account of the murmuring of Jonah at this instance of divine mercy, and of the gentle and condescending manner in which it pleased God to reprove the prophet for his unjust complaint. The style of Jonah is simple and perspicuous; and his prayer, in the second chapter, is strongly descriptive of the feelings of a pious mind under a severe trial of faith. Our Saviour mentions Jonah in the Gospel, Matt. xii, 41; Luke xi, 32. See NINEVEH and GOURD.
Source: A Biblical and Theological Dictionary · View data sources
Concordance
Strong's Concordance
Jonah
Indexed occurrences: 29
Source: Strong's Concordance · View data sources
All Scripture references686 references
Genesis 41
Genesis 1:20Genesis 2:7Genesis 2:9Genesis 2:14Genesis 2:16Genesis 3:1Genesis 3:16Genesis 3:19Genesis 4:13Genesis 6:1Genesis 6:5Genesis 6:13Genesis 6:15Genesis 7:17Genesis 8:6Genesis 9:2Genesis 10:4Genesis 10:8Genesis 10:11Genesis 11:4Genesis 13:9Genesis 14:13Genesis 14:18Genesis 14:21Genesis 15:13Genesis 18:23Genesis 18:27Genesis 22:13Genesis 23:6Genesis 25:18Genesis 28:20Genesis 30:1Genesis 33:17Genesis 37:34Genesis 37:35Genesis 39:14Genesis 41:6Genesis 44:33Genesis 48:16Genesis 50:3Genesis 50:20
Exodus 19
Leviticus 12
Numbers 20
Deuteronomy 21
Deuteronomy 1:27Deuteronomy 2:19Deuteronomy 4:40Deuteronomy 5:16Deuteronomy 6:16Deuteronomy 7:12Deuteronomy 8:5Deuteronomy 8:15Deuteronomy 9:5Deuteronomy 9:9Deuteronomy 12:6Deuteronomy 14:9Deuteronomy 15:12Deuteronomy 23:18Deuteronomy 25:3Deuteronomy 28:65Deuteronomy 30:7Deuteronomy 31:17Deuteronomy 32:4Deuteronomy 32:15Deuteronomy 32:22
Joshua 5
Judges 5
1 Samuel 5
2 Samuel 4
1 Kings 4
2 Kings 4
1 Chronicles 8
2 Chronicles 12
Ezra 2
Nehemiah 5
Esther 3
Job 37
Job 2:8Job 2:9Job 3Job 3:1Job 4Job 4:8Job 4:19Job 5:6Job 5:17Job 7:9Job 8:11Job 9:12Job 11:8Job 15:4Job 15:11Job 15:20Job 15:24Job 15:25Job 16:7Job 16:15Job 17:14Job 20:5Job 21:17Job 22:27Job 25:6Job 27:3Job 27:18Job 27:21Job 33:24Job 34:29Job 36:11Job 37:9Job 37:17Job 37:21Job 38:10Job 41:7Job 42:6
Psalms 40
Psalms 3:8Psalms 6:5Psalms 6:6Psalms 9:17Psalms 10:16Psalms 14:4Psalms 16:10Psalms 18:49Psalms 19:13Psalms 22:25Psalms 22:29Psalms 25:10Psalms 30:5Psalms 31:11Psalms 31:22Psalms 32:10Psalms 37:1Psalms 37:13Psalms 42:7Psalms 48:7Psalms 55:15Psalms 55:19Psalms 64:7Psalms 69:6Psalms 72:10Psalms 73:3Psalms 73:19Psalms 78:38Psalms 78:50Psalms 80:5Psalms 80:8Psalms 86:13Psalms 89:30Psalms 96Psalms 103:10Psalms 107:17Psalms 107:23Psalms 116:10Psalms 119:75Psalms 126:5
Proverbs 16
Ecclesiastes 11
Song of Solomon 2
Isaiah 45
Isaiah 1:6Isaiah 1:8Isaiah 2:16Isaiah 2:19Isaiah 2:22Isaiah 3:3Isaiah 5:1Isaiah 5:14Isaiah 5:18Isaiah 7:17Isaiah 9:1Isaiah 9:13Isaiah 10:25Isaiah 12:2Isaiah 15:3Isaiah 18:2Isaiah 19:4Isaiah 19:6Isaiah 19:8Isaiah 19:10Isaiah 22:11Isaiah 24:23Isaiah 25:1Isaiah 28:23Isaiah 30:13Isaiah 30:18Isaiah 30:33Isaiah 32:10Isaiah 32:15Isaiah 33:23Isaiah 36Isaiah 36:17Isaiah 37:36Isaiah 37:37Isaiah 38:10Isaiah 38:17Isaiah 41:14Isaiah 42:10Isaiah 43:6Isaiah 43:22Isaiah 54:7Isaiah 57:17Isaiah 60:9Isaiah 61:2Isaiah 66:19
Jeremiah 23
Jeremiah 1:15Jeremiah 2:25Jeremiah 2:30Jeremiah 3:23Jeremiah 4:8Jeremiah 5:3Jeremiah 10:9Jeremiah 10:10Jeremiah 10:21Jeremiah 11:4Jeremiah 12:17Jeremiah 13:12Jeremiah 15:10Jeremiah 20:14Jeremiah 22:22Jeremiah 23:34Jeremiah 24:5Jeremiah 29:10Jeremiah 30:15Jeremiah 44:17Jeremiah 46:28Jeremiah 49:3Jeremiah 50:17
Lamentations 9
Ezekiel 26
Ezekiel 4:6Ezekiel 7:18Ezekiel 15Ezekiel 16:49Ezekiel 16:50Ezekiel 17Ezekiel 19:1Ezekiel 19:12Ezekiel 20:37Ezekiel 23Ezekiel 24:3Ezekiel 24:13Ezekiel 27:5Ezekiel 27:7Ezekiel 27:9Ezekiel 27:12Ezekiel 27:23Ezekiel 27:27Ezekiel 29:11Ezekiel 29:13Ezekiel 31Ezekiel 31:16Ezekiel 33:14Ezekiel 37:23Ezekiel 38:22Ezekiel 47:9
Daniel 7
Hosea 8
Joel 4
Amos 4
Jonah 36
Jonah 1:1Jonah 1:2Jonah 1:3Jonah 1:4Jonah 1:5Jonah 1:6Jonah 1:7Jonah 1:9Jonah 1:11Jonah 1:12Jonah 1:13Jonah 1:15Jonah 1:16Jonah 1:17Jonah 2:1Jonah 2:2Jonah 2:3Jonah 2:5Jonah 2:6Jonah 2:9Jonah 2:10Jonah 3:1Jonah 3:3Jonah 3:4Jonah 3:6Jonah 3:8Jonah 3:10Jonah 4Jonah 4:1Jonah 4:5Jonah 4:6Jonah 4:7Jonah 4:8Jonah 4:9Jonah 4:10Jonah 4:11
Micah 6
Nahum 3
Habakkuk 3
Zephaniah 3
Haggai 2
Zechariah 6
Malachi 3
Matthew 33
Matthew 1:19Matthew 2:11Matthew 3:12Matthew 4:2Matthew 4:5Matthew 5:4Matthew 5:22Matthew 6:10Matthew 7:25Matthew 8:34Matthew 10:39Matthew 11:21Matthew 11:23Matthew 12:39Matthew 12:40Matthew 12:41Matthew 14:19Matthew 14:26Matthew 16:4Matthew 16:17Matthew 16:21Matthew 16:26Matthew 17:27Matthew 19:13Matthew 19:17Matthew 20:28Matthew 24:9Matthew 24:14Matthew 24:30Matthew 26:8Matthew 26:33Matthew 26:56Matthew 27:42
Mark 15
Luke 23
John 22
Acts 35
Acts 1:3Acts 1:25Acts 2:1Acts 2:27Acts 4:34Acts 5:36Acts 6:1Acts 9:36Acts 10:9Acts 10:10Acts 12:14Acts 12:23Acts 13:10Acts 14:22Acts 17:24Acts 17:29Acts 18:18Acts 18:24Acts 19:13Acts 20:13Acts 20:23Acts 21:3Acts 21:40Acts 24:1Acts 25:19Acts 27:1Acts 27:2Acts 27:14Acts 27:17Acts 27:19Acts 27:29Acts 27:30Acts 27:40Acts 28:6Acts 28:11
Romans 9
1 Corinthians 9
2 Corinthians 6
Galatians 2
Ephesians 4
Philippians 5
Colossians 2
1 Thessalonians 1
2 Thessalonians 6
1 Timothy 3
2 Timothy 2
Titus 2
Philemon 1
Hebrews 6
James 9
1 Peter 5
2 Peter 4
1 John 1
Jude 2
Revelation 15
Topical Bible
Nave's Topical Bible
JONAH
Entry:
Nave’s Topical Bible references for JONAH.
Indexed references: 2
Scripture references:
Source: Nave's Topical Bible · View data sources
Nave's Topical Bible
Jonah
Indexed references: 1
Scripture references:
Source: Nave's Topical Bible · View data sources
Bible Names
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
Jonah
Meaning:
or Jonas, a dove; he that oppresses; destroyer
Source: Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary · View data sources
Sources
- Historical Reference: Nave’s Topical Bible — Public domain
- Historical Reference: Hitchcock’s Bible Names Dictionary (1869)
- Historical Reference: topics
- Historical Reference: Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
- Historical Reference: A Biblical and Theological Dictionary
- Historical Reference: concordance
- Historical Reference: STEPBible TBESG (based primarily on Abbott-Smith)
- Historical Reference: Installed reference work
Ancient Context2 items
Josephus Antiquities Whiston
Concerning Jeroboam King Of Israel And Jonah The Prophet; And How After The Death Of Jeroboam His Son Zachariah Took The Government. How Uzziah, King Of Jerusalem, Subdued The Nations That Were Round About Him; And What Befell Him When He Attempted To Offer Incense To God.
Antiquities Book 9, Chapter 10
Read ancient context →Josephus Antiquities Whiston
How Shalmaneser Took Samaria By Force And How He Transplanted The Ten Tribes Into Media, And Brought The Nation Of The Cutheans Into Their Country [In Their Room].
Antiquities Book 9, Chapter 14
Read ancient context →Related UNLEARN Content53 items
Case File
Understanding The Sign of Jonah | Let's Talk Biblical | Episode 13
Yeshua said the only sign that would be given to prove He was the Messiah was “the sign of the prophet Jonah”—three days and three nights in the heart of the earth. But how does…
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What the Sign of Jonah really means
How is it three days and three nights from Friday evening to Sunday morning? The Traditional explanations of the Sign of Jonah don't add up. Did Jesus’ death and resurrection really…
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AFFLICTIONS AND ADVERSITIES
Nave’s Topical Bible references for AFFLICTIONS AND ADVERSITIES.
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AMITTAI
Nave’s Topical Bible references for AMITTAI.
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AND HIS JUSTICE
Nave’s Topical Bible references for AND HIS JUSTICE.
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ASHES
Nave’s Topical Bible references for ASHES.
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ASSYRIA
Nave’s Topical Bible references for ASSYRIA.
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BOOTH
Nave’s Topical Bible references for BOOTH.
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CONCEIT
Nave’s Topical Bible references for CONCEIT.
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CONTINGENCIES
Nave’s Topical Bible references for CONTINGENCIES.
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CORRUPTION
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DESCRIBED
Nave’s Topical Bible references for DESCRIBED.
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DESPONDENCY
Nave’s Topical Bible references for DESPONDENCY.
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FISH
Nave’s Topical Bible references for FISH.
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FLAG
Nave’s Topical Bible references for FLAG.
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FORTY
Nave’s Topical Bible references for FORTY.
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GENEALOGY
Nave’s Topical Bible references for GENEALOGY.
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GOURD
Nave’s Topical Bible references for GOURD.
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HEAT
Nave’s Topical Bible references for HEAT.
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HELL
Nave’s Topical Bible references for HELL.
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JESUS
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JONAH
Nave’s Topical Bible references for JONAH.
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JOPPA
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LIFE
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MARESHAH
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MISSIONS
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MURMURING
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NINEVEH
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ORATOR
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PARABLES
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PRAYERLESSNESS
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PRESUMPTION
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REVIVALS
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SACKCLOTH
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SHIP
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SUPERSTITION
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TARSHISH
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UNSELFISHNESS
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VOWS
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WIND
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WORM
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Bar-jona
Son of Jonah, the patronymic of Peter (Matt. 16:17; John 1:42), because his father's name was Jonas. (See [48]PETER.)
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Bar
Used to denote the means by which a door is bolted (Neh. 3:3); a rock in the sea (Jonah 2:6); the shore of the sea (Job 38:10); strong fortifications and powerful impediments, etc. (Isa. 45:2; Amos 1:5); defences of a city (1 Kings 4:13). A bar for a door was of iron (Isa. 45:2), brass (Ps. 107:16), or wood (Nah. 3:13).
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Belly
The seat of the carnal affections (Titus 1:12; Phil. 3:19; Rom. 16:18). The word is used symbolically for the heart (Prov. 18:8; 20:27; 22:18, marg.). The "belly of hell" signifies the grave or underworld (Jonah 2:2).
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East wind
The wind coming from the east (Job 27:21; Isa. 27:8, etc.). Blight caused by this wind, "thin ears" (Gen. 41:6); the withered "gourd" (Jonah 4: 8). It was the cause and also the emblem of evil (Ezek. 17:10; 19:12; Hos. 13:15). In Palestine this wind blows from a burning desert, and hence is destitute of moisture necessary for vegetation.
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Fish
Called dag by the Hebrews, a word denoting great fecundity (Gen. 9:2; Num. 11:22; Jonah 2:1, 10). No fish is mentioned by name either in the Old or in the New Testament. Fish abounded in the Mediterranean and in the lakes of the Jordan, so that the Hebrews were no doubt acquainted with many species. Two of the villages on the shores of the Sea of Galilee derived their names from their fisheries, Bethsaida (the "house of fish") on the east and on the west. There is probably no other sheet of water in the world of equal dimensions that contains such a variety and profusion of fish. About thirty-seven different kinds have been found. Some of the fishes are of a European type, such as the roach, the barbel, and the blenny; others are markedly African and tropical, such as the eel-like silurus. There was a regular fish-market apparently in Jerusalem (2 Chr. 33:14; Neh. 3:3; 12:39; Zeph. 1:10), as there was a fish-gate which was probably contiguous to it. Sidon is the oldest fishing establishment known in history.
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Gath-hepher
Wine-press of the well, a town of Lower Galilee, about 5 miles from Nazareth; the birthplace of Jonah (2 Kings 14:25); the same as Gittah-hepher (Josh. 19:13). It has been identified with the modern el-Meshed, a village on the top of a rocky hill. Here the supposed tomb of Jonah, Neby Yunas, is still pointed out.
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Gourd
(1.) Jonah's gourd (Jonah 4:6-10), bearing the Hebrew name kikayon (found only here), was probably the kiki of the Egyptians, the croton. This is the castor-oil plant, a species of ricinus, the palma Christi, so called from the palmate division of its leaves. Others with more probability regard it as the cucurbita the el-keroa of the Arabs, a kind of pumpkin peculiar to the East. "It is grown in great abundance on the alluvial banks of the Tigris and on the plain between the river and the ruins of Nineveh." At the present day it is trained to run over structures of mud and brush to form boots to protect the gardeners from the heat of the noon-day sun. It grows with extraordinary rapidity, and when cut or injured withers away also with great rapidity. (2.) Wild gourds (2 Kings 4:38-40), Heb. pakkuoth, belong to the family of the cucumber-like plants, some of which are poisonous. The species here referred to is probably the colocynth (Cucumis colocynthus). The LXX. render the word by "wild pumpkin." It abounds in the desert parts of Syria, Egypt, and Arabia. There is, however, another species, called the Cucumis prophetarum, from the idea that it afforded the gourd which "the sons of the prophets" shred by mistake into their pottage.
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Jonah, Book of
This book professes to give an account of what actually took place in the experience of the prophet. Some critics have sought to interpret the book as a parable or allegory, and not as a history. They have done so for various reasons. Thus (1) some reject it on the ground that the miraculous element enters so largely into it, and that it is not prophetical but narrative in its form; (2) others, denying the possibility of miracles altogether, hold that therefore it cannot be true history. Jonah and his story is referred to by our Lord (Matt. 12:39, 40; Luke 11:29), a fact to which the greatest weight must be attached. It is impossible to interpret this reference on any other theory. This one argument is of sufficient importance to settle the whole question. No theories devised for the purpose of getting rid of difficulties can stand against such a proof that the book is a veritable history. There is every reason to believe that this book was written by Jonah himself. It gives an account of (1) his divine commission to go to Nineveh, his disobedience, and the punishment following (1:1-17); (2) his prayer and miraculous deliverance (1:17-2:10); (3) the second commission given to him, and his prompt obedience in delivering the message from God, and its results in the repentance of the Ninevites, and God's long-sparing mercy toward them (ch. 3); (4) Jonah's displeasure at God's merciful decision, and the rebuke tendered to the impatient prophet (ch. 4). Nineveh was spared after Jonah's mission for more than a century. The history of Jonah may well be regarded "as a part of that great onward movement which was before the Law and under the Law; which gained strength and volume as the fulness of the times drew near.", Perowne's Jonah.
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Jonah
or Jonas, a dove; he that oppresses; destroyer
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Jonas
(1.) Greek form of Jonah (Matt. 12:39, 40, 41, etc.). (2.) The father of the apostles Peter (John 21:15-17) and Andrew; but the reading should be (also in 1:42), as in the Revised Version, "John," instead of Jonas.
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Sackcloth
Cloth made of black goats' hair, coarse, rough, and thick, used for sacks, and also worn by mourners (Gen. 37:34; 42:25; 2 Sam. 3:31; Esther 4:1, 2; Ps. 30:11, etc.), and as a sign of repentance (Matt. 11:21). It was put upon animals by the people of Nineveh (Jonah 3:8).
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Vows
Voluntary promises which, when once made, were to be kept if the thing vowed was right. They were made under a great variety of circumstances (Gen. 28: 18-22; Lev. 7:16; Num. 30:2-13; Deut. 23:18; Judg. 11:30, 39; 1 Sam. 1:11; Jonah 1:16; Acts 18:18; 21:23).
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