SUBJECT · Complete Bible Study

Life

Generally of physical life (Gen. 2:7; This unified study connects 7 installed resource categories without replacing their source records.

View overview sources

Historical Reference: Nave’s Topical Bible — Public domain
Historical Reference: Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897)
Historical Reference: concordance
Historical Reference: Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible lexical data / BDB-Strong mapping
Historical Reference: STEPBible TBESG (based primarily on Abbott-Smith)
Historical Reference: A Greek-English Lexicon to the New Testament
Historical Reference: Installed reference work

871Scriptures 12Strong's 14Lexicons 1Dictionaries 1Topics 4,418Occurrences 20Ancient References 44UNLEARN Studies

FEATURED STUDY · Resource Coverage 86/100

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Study overview

Study at a glance

Subject type: Subject
Strong’s: H2332, G0979, G2222, G20489, G20490, H2417, H2421, H3117, G4151, G5590, H5315
Hebrew: חַוָּה · Chavvâh
Greek: βίος · bios

Grafted biblical context

Concept articles connected to this study

Soul / Nephesh

Nephesh is a broad Hebrew term that can mean: • living being • life • person • self • throat • appetite It should not automatically be defined as an immortal, immaterial entity living inside the body.

Read Hebrew, Jewish, historical, and Messianic context →

Strong’s and original-language information

Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible lexical data / BDB-Strong mapping

חַוָּה

H2332

Transliteration: Chavvâh
Pronunciation: khav-vaw'
Language: Hebrew
Indexed occurrences: 2

Glosses

life, Eve.

Lexicon definition

Chavvah (or Eve), the first woman

Abbott-Smith Greek Lexicon

βίος

G0979

Transliteration: bios
Language: Greek
Part of speech: G:N-M
Indexed occurrences: 10

Glosses

life, good, life, living

Lexicon definition

βίος, -ου, ὁ, [in LXX chiefly for יָמִים ;] __1. period or course of life, life: Luk.8:14, 1Ti.2:2, 2Ti.2:4, 1Jn.2:16. __2. living, livelihood, means (in Pro.31:14 for לֶחֶם; see DCG, ii, 39a): Mrk.12:44, Luk.8:43 15:12, 30 21:4, 1Jn.3:17.† SYN.: ζωή, is life intensive, "vita quâ, vivimus," the vital principle; βίος, life extensive, "vita quam vivimus," (1) the period of life, (2) the means by which it is sustained. Hence, in cl., ζ., being confined to the physical life common to men and animals, is the inferior word (cf. zoology, biography). In NT, ζωή is elevated into the ethical and spiritual sphere (cf. Tr., Syn., §xxvii). (AS)

Abbott-Smith Greek Lexicon

ζωή

G2222

Transliteration: zōē
Language: Greek
Part of speech: G:N-F
Indexed occurrences: 135

Glosses

life, life(-time)

Lexicon definition

ζωή, -ῆς, ἡ (ζάω), [in LXX chiefly for חַיִּים ;] life (in Hom., Hdt., = βίος, which see; later, existence, vita quâ vivimus, as distinct from βίος, vita quam vivimus; opposite to θάνατος); __1. of natural life: Luk.16:25, Act.8:33, 1Co.15:19, 1Ti.4:8, Heb.7:3, Jas.4:14; πνεῦμα ζωῆς, Rev.11:11; ψυχὴ ζωῆς ( Gen.1:30), Rev.16:3; of the life of one risen from the dead, Rom.5:10, Heb.7:16. __2. Of the life of the kingdom of God, the present life of grace and the life of glory which is to follow (Dalman, Words, 156ff.; Westc, Epp. Jo., 214ff.; Cremer, 272ff.): Jhn.6:51, 53 Rom.7:10 8:6, 10 Php.2:16, Col.3:4, 2Pe.1:3; αἰώνος (reff. supr.; DCG, i, 538a, ii, 30f.), Jhn.4:36 12:50 17:3, 1Jn.1:2, al.; τ. φῶς τῆς ζ., Jhn.8:12; ὁ Λόγος τ. ζ., 1Jn.1:1; ὁ ἄρτος τ. ζ., Jo 6:35, 48; δικαίωσις ζωῆς, Rom.5:18; μετάνοια εἰς ζ., Act.11:18; ἐν αὐτῷ ζ. ἦν, Jhn.1:4; ζ. ἡ ἐν. Χ. Ἰ., 2Ti.1:1; τὰ πρὸς ζωήν, 2Pe.1:3, al.; στέφανος τῆς ζ., Jas.1:12, Rev.2:10; χάρις ζωῆς (genitive expl.), 1Pe.3:7; ζ. καὶ εἰρήνη, Rom.8:6; ζ. καὶ ἀφθαρσία, 2Ti.1:10; ἀνάστασις ζωῆς, Jhn.5:29; βίβλος ζωῆς, Php.4:3, Rev.3:5; ξύλον ζωῆς, Rev.2:7; ὕδωρ ζωῆς, Rev.22:17; meton., of that which has life: τ. πνεῦμα, Rom.8:10; ῥήματα, Jhn.6:63; of one who gives life, Jhn.11:25 14:6, 1Jn.1:2; ἡ ἐντολή, Jhn.12:50. SYN.: see: βίος. (AS)

Abbott-Smith Greek Lexicon

ζῆ

G20489

Transliteration: zē
Indexed occurrences: 0

Glosses

life

Lexicon definition

life

Abbott-Smith Greek Lexicon

ζῶ

G20490

Transliteration: zō
Indexed occurrences: 0

Glosses

life

Lexicon definition

spring, spring

A Greek-English Lexicon to the New Testament

Βίος

G0979

Transliteration: bíos
Language: Greek
Indexed occurrences: 10

Glosses

good, life, living

Lexicon definition

life; means of living; sustenance, maintenance, substance, goods, Mar. 12.44, et al.; whence

A Greek-English Lexicon to the New Testament

Ζωή

G2222

Transliteration: zōḗ
Language: Greek
Indexed occurrences: 135

Glosses

life(-time)

Lexicon definition

life, animated existence, state of being alive, Lu. 16.25. Ac. 17.25; life, manner of life, conduct, Ro. 6.4; in N.T., life, deliverance from the proper penalty of sin, expressed by θάνατος, Jno. 6.51. Ro. 5.18, et al.; life, the final state of the redeemed, Mat. 25.46, et al.; the author of life, means of attaining life, Jno. 5.39; 11.25. Col. 3.4.

Strong’s Hebrew and Greek Lexicon

חַי

H2417

Transliteration: chay
Pronunciation: khah'-ee
Language: Hebrew
Indexed occurrences: 7

Glosses

life, that liveth, living.

Lexicon definition

alive

also (as noun in plural) life

Strong’s Hebrew and Greek Lexicon

חָיָה

H2421

Transliteration: châyâh
Pronunciation: khaw-yaw'
Language: Hebrew
Indexed occurrences: 284

Glosses

keep (leave, make) alive, [idiom] certainly, give (promise) life, (let, suffer to) live, nourish up, preserve (alive), quicken, recover, repair, restore (to life), revive, ([idiom] God) save (alive, life, lives), [idiom] surely, be whole.

Lexicon definition

to live, whether literally or figuratively

causatively, to revive

Strong’s Hebrew and Greek Lexicon

יוֹם

H3117

Transliteration: yôwm
Pronunciation: yome
Language: Hebrew
Indexed occurrences: 2,303

Glosses

age, [phrase] always, [phrase] chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to) day, (now a, two) days (agone), [phrase] elder, [idiom] end, [phrase] evening, [phrase] (for) ever(-lasting, -more), [idiom] full, life, as (so) long as (... live), (even) now, [phrase] old, [phrase] outlived, [phrase] perpetually, presently, [phrase] remaineth, [idiom] required, season, [idiom] since, space, then, (process of) time, [phrase] as at other times, [phrase] in trouble, weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), [idiom] whole ([phrase] age), (full) year(-ly), [phrase] younger.

Lexicon definition

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb)

Strong’s Hebrew and Greek Lexicon

πνεῦμα

G4151

Transliteration: pneûma
Language: Greek
Indexed occurrences: 378

Glosses

ghost, life, spirit(-ual, -ually), mind

Lexicon definition

a current of air, i.e. breath (blast) or a breeze

by analogy or figuratively, a spirit, i.e. (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital principle, mental disposition, etc., or (superhuman) an angel, demon, or (divine) God, Christ's spirit, the Holy Spirit

Strong’s Hebrew and Greek Lexicon

ψυχή

G5590

Transliteration: psychḗ
Language: Greek
Indexed occurrences: 103

Glosses

heart (+ -ily), life, mind, soul, + us, + you

Lexicon definition

breath, i.e. (by implication) spirit, abstractly or concretely (the animal sentient principle only

thus distinguished on the one hand from G4151 (πνεῦμα), which is the rational and immortal soul

and on the other from G2222 (ζωή), which is mere vitality, even of plants: these terms thus exactly correspond respectively to the Hebrew H05315, H07307 and H02416)

Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible lexical data / BDB-Strong mapping

נֶ֫פֶשׁ

H5315

Transliteration: nephesh
Pronunciation: neh'-fesh
Language: Hebrew
Indexed occurrences: 754

Glosses

soul, living being, life, self, person, desire, appetite, emotion, passion, any, appetite, beast, body, breath, creature, [idiom] dead(-ly), desire, [idiom] (dis-) contented, [idiom] fish, ghost, [phrase] greedy, he, heart(-y), (hath, [idiom] jeopardy of) life ([idiom] in jeopardy), lust, man, me, mind, mortally, one, own, person, pleasure, (her-, him-, my-, thy-) self, them (your) -selves, [phrase] slay, soul, [phrase] tablet, they, thing, ([idiom] she) will, [idiom] would have it.

Lexicon definition

properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality

used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or mental)

Strong’s Hebrew and Greek Lexicon

לֶחֶם

H3899

Transliteration: lechem
Pronunciation: lekh'-em
Language: Hebrew
Indexed occurrences: 297

Glosses

(shew-) bread, [idiom] eat, food, fruit, loaf, meat, victuals.

Lexicon definition

food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)

Complete dictionary entries

Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897)

Life

Generally of physical life (Gen. 2:7; Luke 16:25, etc.); also used figuratively (1) for immortality (Heb. 7:16); (2) conduct or manner of life (Rom. 6:4); (3) spiritual life or salvation (John 3:16, 17, 18, 36); (4) eternal life (Matt. 19:16, 17; John 3:15); of God and Christ as the absolute source and cause of all life (John 1:4; 5:26, 39; 11:25; 12:50).

Source: Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897) · View data sources

Concordance

Strong's Concordance

Life

Indexed occurrences: 530

Source: Strong's Concordance · View data sources

All Scripture references871 references

Genesis 43

Exodus 16

Exodus 1:5 Exodus 4:19 Exodus 12:4 Exodus 12:15 Exodus 12:16 Exodus 12:19 Exodus 15:9 Exodus 16:16 Exodus 20:12 Exodus 21:23 Exodus 21:30 Exodus 23:9 Exodus 30:12 Exodus 30:15 Exodus 30:16 Exodus 31:14

Leviticus 48

Numbers 44

Deuteronomy 33

1 Samuel 28

2 Samuel 14

2 Samuel 1:9 2 Samuel 3:21 2 Samuel 4:8 2 Samuel 4:9 2 Samuel 5:8 2 Samuel 11:11 2 Samuel 14:7 2 Samuel 14:14 2 Samuel 14:19 2 Samuel 16:11 2 Samuel 17:8 2 Samuel 18:13 2 Samuel 19:6 2 Samuel 23:17

1 Kings 23

2 Kings 15

2 Kings 1:13 2 Kings 1:14 2 Kings 2:2 2 Kings 2:4 2 Kings 2:6 2 Kings 4:27 2 Kings 4:30 2 Kings 7:7 2 Kings 9:15 2 Kings 10:6 2 Kings 10:24 2 Kings 12:5 2 Kings 19:26 2 Kings 23:3 2 Kings 23:25

1 Chronicles 5

1 Chronicles 5:21 1 Chronicles 11:19 1 Chronicles 22:19 1 Chronicles 28:9 1 Chronicles 29:15

2 Chronicles 4

2 Chronicles 1:11 2 Chronicles 6:38 2 Chronicles 15:12 2 Chronicles 34:31

Esther 6

Esther 4:13 Esther 7:3 Esther 7:7 Esther 8:11 Esther 9:16 Esther 9:31

Job 47

Psalms 142

Psalms 3:3 Psalms 6:4 Psalms 6:5 Psalms 7:3 Psalms 7:6 Psalms 10:3 Psalms 11:1 Psalms 11:5 Psalms 13:3 Psalms 16:10 Psalms 17:9 Psalms 17:13 Psalms 19:8 Psalms 22:21 Psalms 22:29 Psalms 22:30 Psalms 23:3 Psalms 24:4 Psalms 25:1 Psalms 25:13 Psalms 25:20 Psalms 26:9 Psalms 27:12 Psalms 30:4 Psalms 31:8 Psalms 31:10 Psalms 31:14 Psalms 33:19 Psalms 33:20 Psalms 34:3 Psalms 34:23 Psalms 35:3 Psalms 35:4 Psalms 35:7 Psalms 35:9 Psalms 35:12 Psalms 35:13 Psalms 35:17 Psalms 35:25 Psalms 38:13 Psalms 40:15 Psalms 41:3 Psalms 41:5 Psalms 42:2 Psalms 42:3 Psalms 42:5 Psalms 42:6 Psalms 42:7 Psalms 42:12 Psalms 43:5 Psalms 44:26 Psalms 49:9 Psalms 49:16 Psalms 49:19 Psalms 54:5 Psalms 54:6 Psalms 55:19 Psalms 56:7 Psalms 56:14 Psalms 57:2 Psalms 57:5 Psalms 57:7 Psalms 59:4 Psalms 62:2 Psalms 62:6 Psalms 63:2 Psalms 63:6 Psalms 63:9 Psalms 63:10 Psalms 66:9 Psalms 66:16 Psalms 69:2 Psalms 69:11 Psalms 69:19 Psalms 70:3 Psalms 71:10 Psalms 71:13 Psalms 71:23 Psalms 72:13 Psalms 72:14 Psalms 74:19 Psalms 77:3 Psalms 78:18 Psalms 78:50 Psalms 84:3 Psalms 86:2 Psalms 86:4 Psalms 86:13 Psalms 86:14 Psalms 88:4 Psalms 88:15 Psalms 89:49 Psalms 94:17 Psalms 94:19 Psalms 94:21 Psalms 97:10 Psalms 103:1 Psalms 103:2 Psalms 103:22 Psalms 104:1 Psalms 104:35 Psalms 105:18 Psalms 105:22 Psalms 106:15 Psalms 107:5 Psalms 107:9 Psalms 107:18 Psalms 107:26 Psalms 109:20 Psalms 109:31 Psalms 116:4 Psalms 116:7 Psalms 116:8 Psalms 119:20 Psalms 119:25 Psalms 119:28 Psalms 119:81 Psalms 119:109 Psalms 119:129 Psalms 119:167 Psalms 119:175 Psalms 120:2 Psalms 120:6 Psalms 121:7 Psalms 123:4 Psalms 124:4 Psalms 124:5 Psalms 124:7 Psalms 130:5 Psalms 130:6 Psalms 131:2 Psalms 138:3 Psalms 139:14 Psalms 141:8 Psalms 142:5 Psalms 142:8 Psalms 143:3 Psalms 143:6 Psalms 143:8 Psalms 143:11 Psalms 143:12 Psalms 146:1

Proverbs 56

Ecclesiastes 10

Ecclesiastes 1 Ecclesiastes 1:4 Ecclesiastes 2:17 Ecclesiastes 2:24 Ecclesiastes 4:8 Ecclesiastes 6:2 Ecclesiastes 6:3 Ecclesiastes 6:7 Ecclesiastes 6:9 Ecclesiastes 7:28

Song of Solomon 7

Song of Solomon 1:7 Song of Solomon 3:1 Song of Solomon 3:2 Song of Solomon 3:3 Song of Solomon 3:4 Song of Solomon 5:6 Song of Solomon 6:12

Isaiah 33

Jeremiah 59

Lamentations 12

Lamentations 1:11 Lamentations 1:16 Lamentations 1:19 Lamentations 2:12 Lamentations 2:19 Lamentations 3:17 Lamentations 3:20 Lamentations 3:24 Lamentations 3:25 Lamentations 3:51 Lamentations 3:58 Lamentations 5:9

Ezekiel 33

Hosea 2

Hosea 4:8 Hosea 9:4

Amos 3

Amos 2:14 Amos 2:15 Amos 6:8

Jonah 5

Jonah 1:14 Jonah 2:6 Jonah 2:8 Jonah 4:3 Jonah 4:8

Micah 3

Micah 6:7 Micah 7:1 Micah 7:3

Habakkuk 3

Habakkuk 2:4 Habakkuk 2:5 Habakkuk 2:10

Haggai 1

Haggai 2:13

Zechariah 1

Zechariah 11:8

Matthew 31

Mark 24

Mark 1 Mark 2 Mark 3 Mark 3:29 Mark 4 Mark 5 Mark 5:22 Mark 5:43 Mark 6 Mark 7 Mark 8 Mark 8:37 Mark 9 Mark 9:45 Mark 10 Mark 10:45 Mark 11 Mark 12 Mark 12:14 Mark 12:30 Mark 13 Mark 14 Mark 15 Mark 16

Luke 37

John 34

Acts 10

Acts 5:17 Acts 10 Acts 12:2 Acts 13:36 Acts 13:48 Acts 15:3 Acts 17:18 Acts 20:28 Acts 24:14 Acts 26:18

1 Corinthians 1

1 Corinthians 15

Galatians 1

Galatians 5:22

Philippians 1

Philippians 2:6

1 Timothy 2

1 Timothy 2:6 1 Timothy 6:15

Titus 2

Titus 2:13 Titus 2:14

James 1

James 1:10

1 Peter 1

1 Peter 1:24

1 John 3

1 John 3:2 1 John 3:3 1 John 3:9

Jude 2

Jude 1:6 Jude 1:7

Revelation 1

Revelation 2:7

Topical Bible

Nave's Topical Bible

LIFE

Entry:

Nave’s Topical Bible references for LIFE.

Indexed references: 33

Scripture references:

Source: Nave's Topical Bible · View data sources

Sources

Historical Reference: Nave’s Topical Bible — Public domain
Historical Reference: Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897)
Historical Reference: concordance
Historical Reference: Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible lexical data / BDB-Strong mapping
Historical Reference: STEPBible TBESG (based primarily on Abbott-Smith)
Historical Reference: A Greek-English Lexicon to the New Testament
Historical Reference: Installed reference work

Ancient Context20 items

Josephus Antiquities Whiston

The Constitution Of The World And The Disposition Of The Elements.

Antiquities Book 1, Chapter 1

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

Concerning The Posterity Of Adam, And The Ten Generations From Him To The Deluge.

Antiquities Book 1, Chapter 2

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

Concerning The Flood; And After What Manner Noah Was Saved In An Ark, With His Kindred, And Afterwards Dwelt In The Plain Of Shinar.

Antiquities Book 1, Chapter 3

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How Every Nation Was Denominated From Their First Inhabitants.

Antiquities Book 1, Chapter 6

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

Concerning Isaac The Legitimate Son Of Abraham.

Antiquities Book 1, Chapter 13

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

Concerning The Sons Of Isaac, Esau And Jacob; Of Their Nativity And Education.

Antiquities Book 1, Chapter 18

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How Isaac Died, And Was Buried In Hebron.

Antiquities Book 1, Chapter 22

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

Concerning The Signal Chastity Of Joseph.

Antiquities Book 2, Chapter 4

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How Joseph When He Was Become Famous In Egypt, Had His Brethren In Subjection.

Antiquities Book 2, Chapter 6

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

The Removal Of Joseph's Father With All His Family, To Him, On Account Of The Famine.

Antiquities Book 2, Chapter 7

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

Concerning Balaam The Prophet And What Kind Of Man He Was.

Antiquities Book 4, Chapter 6

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

The Polity Settled By Moses; And How He Disappeared From Among Mankind.

Antiquities Book 4, Chapter 8

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How David, Upon Saul's Laying Snares For Him, Did Yet Escape The Dangers He Was In By The Affection And Care Of Jonathan And The Contrivances Of His Wife Michal: And How He Came To Samuel The Prophet.

Antiquities Book 6, Chapter 11

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How David, When He Had Twice The Opportunity Of Killing Saul Did Not Kill Him. Also Concerning The Death Of Samuel And Nabal.

Antiquities Book 6, Chapter 13

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How Saul Upon God's Not Answering Him Concerning The Fight With The Philistines Desired A Necromantic Woman To Raise Up The Soul Of Samuel To Him; And How He Died, With His Sons Upon The Overthrow Of The Hebrews In Battle.

Antiquities Book 6, Chapter 14

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How David Reigned Over One Tribe At Hebron While The Son Of Saul Reigned Over The Rest Of The Multitude; And How, In The Civil War Which Then Arose Asahel And Abner Were Slain.

Antiquities Book 7, Chapter 1

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How David Fell In Love With Bathsheba, And Slew Her Husband Uriah, For Which He Is Reproved By Nathan.

Antiquities Book 7, Chapter 7

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

Concerning The Insurrection Of Absalom Against David And Concerning Ahithophel And Hushai; And Concerning Ziba And Shimei; And How Ahithophel Hanged Himself.

Antiquities Book 7, Chapter 9

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How Solomon Fortified The City Of Jerusalem, And Built Great Cities; And How He Brought Some Of The Canaanites Into Subjection, And Entertained The Queen Of Egypt And Of Ethiopia.

Antiquities Book 8, Chapter 6

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

Concerning The Death Of A Son Of Jeroboam. How Jeroboam Was Beaten By Abijah Who Died A Little Afterward And Was Succeeded In His Kingdom By Asa. And Also How, After The Death Of Jeroboam Baasha Destroyed His Son Nadab And All The House Of Jeroboam.

Antiquities Book 8, Chapter 11

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Life After Death Q&A | Let's Talk Biblical

What really happens when we die? Do we go straight to heaven… straight to hell… or is there something else the Bible actually teaches? In this LIVE Q&A, Pastor Lex Meyer will tackl…

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Case File

Fruit of the Spirit and Holy Spirit Q&A| Let's Talk Biblical

What does it really mean to walk in the Fruit of the Spirit? In this episode we explore Galatians 5:22–23 and dive into the fruit of the Spirit. You’ll learn why they are essential…

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Case File

The Test Most Christians Fail

Did you know the Bible speaks about two kinds of faith—one that leads to life and one that is dead? Many believe in God, but Scripture makes it clear that not all belief leads to sal…

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Case File

The Bible Verse I Misunderstood for Years

Something huge happened in my life eleven years ago, and I haven't been the same since. I realized I was wrong about something, and if I was wrong about this thing, I could be wrong ab…

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Case File

Finding Peace when you lose a loved one

The death of a loved one is something that we all face at some point in our life, and I want to talk about what the Bible says about the comfort for those who mourn. Five years ago whe…

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Case File

Your Soul is NOT Immortal

Do we really have an immortal soul? What does the Bible say about it? Popular teachings about life after death center around the idea that a person’s soul is immortal and continues t…

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Book

Immortal

There have been many books written on life after death, most of which take a subjective approach, speaking about things such as out-of-body and near-death experiences. In a number of these books, the author(s) even claim to have personally visited heaven or hell (or both) and returned to tell about it. This is not one of those books. This book is a Theological dissertation about eternal life, and its purpose is to highlight biblical perspectives on heaven, hell, and the resurrection. I cite several historical sources, in addition to an abundance of scriptural references, which all support my thesis. I will also demonstrate that first-century believers did not hold the popular beliefs about life after death that we see today. My greatest desire in writing this book is to reveal the truth about what the Bible teaches concerning eternal life and the resurrection of the dead. It is my pleasure to share with you the power of the resurrection, and I hope it transforms your life as it has my own. This second edition has been edited and reformatted for easier readability and expanded, revised, and updated to provide greater depth and clarity. We hope you will enjoy this second edition of Immortal even more than the first.

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Topic

ETERNAL LIFE

Nave’s Topical Bible references for ETERNAL LIFE.

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Topic

EVERLASTING LIFE

Nave’s Topical Bible references for EVERLASTING LIFE.

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Topic

LIFE

Nave’s Topical Bible references for LIFE.

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Dictionary

Age

Used to denote the period of a man's life (Gen. 47:28), the maturity of life (John 9:21), the latter end of life (Job 11:17), a generation of the human race (Job 8:8), and an indefinite period (Eph. 2:7; 3:5, 21; Col. 1:26). Respect to be shown to the aged (Lev. 19:32). It is a blessing to communities when they have old men among them (Isa. 65:20; Zech. 8:4). The aged supposed to excel in understanding (Job 12:20; 15:10; 32:4, 9; 1 Kings 12:6, 8). A full age the reward of piety (Job 5:26; Gen. 15:15).

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Dictionary

Behead

A method of taking away life practised among the Egyptians (Gen. 40:17-19). There are instances of this mode of punishment also among the Hebrews (2 Sam. 4:8; 20:21, 22; 2 Kings 10:6-8). It is also mentioned in the New Testament (Matt. 14:8-12; Acts 12:2).

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Dictionary

Casluhim

hopes of life

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Dictionary

Cherethim

(Ezek. 25:16), more frequently Cherethites, the inhabitants of Southern Philistia, the Philistines (Zeph. 2:5). The Cherethites and the Pelethites were David's life-guards (1 Sam. 30:14; 2 Sam. 8:18; 20:7, 23; 23:23). This name is by some interpreted as meaning "Cretans," and by others "executioners," who were ready to execute the king's sentence of death (Gen. 37:36, marg.; 1 Kings 2:25).

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Dictionary

Conversation

Generally the goings out and in of social intercourse (Eph. 2:3; 4:22; R.V., "manner of life"); one's deportment or course of life. This word is never used in Scripture in the sense of verbal communication from one to another (Ps. 50:23; Heb. 13:5). In Phil. 1:27 and 3:20, a different Greek word is used. It there means one's relations to a community as a citizen, i.e., citizenship.

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Dictionary

Conversion

The turning of a sinner to God (Acts 15:3). In a general sense the heathen are said to be "converted" when they abandon heathenism and embrace the Christian faith; and in a more special sense men are converted when, by the influence of divine grace in their souls, their whole life is changed, old things pass away, and all things become new (Acts 26:18). Thus we speak of the conversion of the Philippian jailer (16:19-34), of Paul (9:1-22), of the Ethiopian treasurer (8:26-40), of Cornelius (10), of Lydia (16:13-15), and others. (See [125]REGENERATION.)

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Dictionary

Courses

When David was not permitted to build the temple, he proceeded, among the last acts of his life, with the assistance of Zadok and Ahimelech, to organize the priestly and musical services to be conducted in the house of God. (1.) He divided the priests into twenty-four courses (1 Chr. 24:1-19), sixteen being of the house of Eleazar and eight of that of Ithamar. Each course was under a head or chief, and ministered for a week, the order being determined by lot. (2.) The rest of the 38,000 Levites (23:4) were divided also into twenty-four courses, each to render some allotted service in public worship: 4,000 in twenty-four courses were set apart as singers and musicians under separate leaders (25); 4,000 as porters or keepers of the doors and gates of the sanctuary (26:1-19); and 6,000 as officers and judges to see to the administration of the law in all civil and ecclesiastical matters (20-32). This arrangement was re-established by Hezekiah (2 Chr. 31:2); and afterwards the four sacerdotal courses which are said to have returned from the Captivity were re-divided into the original number of twenty-four by Ezra (6:18).

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Death

May be simply defined as the termination of life. It is represented under a variety of aspects in Scripture: (1.) "The dust shall return to the earth as it was" (Eccl. 12:7). (2.) "Thou takest away their breath, they die" (Ps. 104:29). (3.) It is the dissolution of "our earthly house of this tabernacle" (2 Cor. 5:1); the "putting off this tabernacle" (2 Pet. 1:13, 14). (4.) Being "unclothed" (2 Cor. 5:3, 4). (5.) "Falling on sleep" (Ps. 76:5; Jer. 51:39; Acts 13:36; 2 Pet. 3:9. (6.) "I go whence I shall not return" (Job 10:21); "Make me to know mine end" (Ps. 39:4); "to depart" (Phil. 1:23). The grave is represented as "the gates of death" (Job 38:17; Ps. 9:13; 107:18). The gloomy silence of the grave is spoken of under the figure of the "shadow of death" (Jer. 2:6). Death is the effect of sin (Heb. 2:14), and not a "debt of nature." It is but once (9:27), universal (Gen. 3:19), necessary (Luke 2:28-30). Jesus has by his own death taken away its sting for all his followers (1 Cor. 15:55-57). There is a spiritual death in trespasses and sins, i.e., the death of the soul under the power of sin (Rom. 8:6; Eph. 2:1, 3; Col. 2:13). The "second death" (Rev. 2:11) is the everlasting perdition of the wicked (Rev. 21:8), and "second" in respect to natural or temporal death. THE DEATH OF CHRIST is the procuring cause incidentally of all the blessings men enjoy on earth. But specially it is the procuring cause of the actual salvation of all his people, together with all the means that lead thereto. It does not make their salvation merely possible, but certain (Matt. 18:11; Rom. 5:10; 2 Cor. 5:21; Gal. 1:4; 3:13; Eph. 1:7; 2:16; Rom. 8:32-35).

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Diadem

The tiara of a king (Ezek. 21:26; Isa. 28:5; 62:3); the turban (Job 29:14). In the New Testament a careful distinction is drawn between the diadem as a badge of royalty (Rev. 12:3; 13:1; 19:12) and the crown as a mark of distinction in private life. It is not known what the ancient Jewish "diadem" was. It was the mark of Oriental sovereigns. (See [159]CROWN.)

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Epicureans

Followers of Epicurus (who died at Athens B.C. 270), or adherents of the Epicurean philosophy (Acts 17:18). This philosophy was a system of atheism, and taught men to seek as their highest aim a pleasant and smooth life. They have been called the "Sadducees" of Greek paganism. They, with the Stoics, ridiculed the teaching of Paul (Acts 17:18). They appear to have been greatly esteemed at Athens.

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Eternal death

The miserable fate of the wicked in hell (Matt. 25:46; Mark 3:29; Heb. 6:2; 2 Thess. 1:9; Matt. 18:8; 25:41; Jude 1:7). The Scripture as clearly teaches the unending duration of the penal sufferings of the lost as the "everlasting life," the "eternal life" of the righteous. The same Greek words in the New Testament (aion, aionios, aidios) are used to express (1) the eternal existence of God (1 Tim. 1:17; Rom. 1:20; 16:26); (2) of Christ (Rev. 1:18); (3) of the Holy Ghost (Heb. 9:14); and (4) the eternal duration of the sufferings of the lost (Matt. 25:46; Jude 1:6). Their condition after casting off the mortal body is spoken of in these expressive words: "Fire that shall not be quenched" (Mark 9:45, 46), "fire unquenchable" (Luke 3:17), "the worm that never dies," the "bottomless pit" (Rev. 9:1), "the smoke of their torment ascending up for ever and ever" (Rev. 14:10, 11). The idea that the "second death" (Rev. 20:14) is in the case of the wicked their absolute destruction, their annihilation, has not the slightest support from Scripture, which always represents their future as one of conscious suffering enduring for ever. The supposition that God will ultimately secure the repentance and restoration of all sinners is equally unscriptural. There is not the slightest trace in all the Scriptures of any such restoration. Sufferings of themselves have no tendency to purify the soul from sin or impart spiritual life. The atoning death of Christ and the sanctifying power of the Holy Spirit are the only means of divine appointment for bringing men to repentance. Now in the case of them that perish these means have been rejected, and "there remaineth no more sacrifice for sins" (Heb. 10:26, 27).

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Eternal life

This expression occurs in the Old Testament only in Dan. 12:2 (R.V., "everlasting life"). It occurs frequently in the New Testament (Matt. 7:14; 18:8, 9; Luke 10:28; comp. 18:18). It comprises the whole future of the redeemed (Luke 16:9), and is opposed to "eternal punishment" (Matt. 19:29; 25:46). It is the final reward and glory into which the children of God enter (1 Tim. 6:12, 19; Rom. 6:22; Gal. 6:8; 1 Tim. 1:16; Rom. 5:21); their Sabbath of rest (Heb. 4:9; comp. 12:22). The newness of life which the believer derives from Christ (Rom. 6:4) is the very essence of salvation, and hence the life of glory or the eternal life must also be theirs (Rom. 6:8; 2 Tim. 2:11, 12; Rom. 5:17, 21; 8:30; Eph. 2:5, 6). It is the "gift of God in Jesus Christ our Lord" (Rom. 6:23). The life the faithful have here on earth (John 3:36; 5:24; 6:47, 53-58) is inseparably connected with the eternal life beyond, the endless life of the future, the happy future of the saints in heaven (Matt. 19:16, 29; 25:46).

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Gall

(1) Heb. mererah, meaning "bitterness" (Job 16:13); i.e., the bile secreted in the liver. This word is also used of the poison of asps (20:14), and of the vitals, the seat of life (25). (2.) Heb. rosh. In Deut. 32:33 and Job 20:16 it denotes the poison of serpents. In Hos. 10:4 the Hebrew word is rendered "hemlock." The original probably denotes some bitter, poisonous plant, most probably the poppy, which grows up quickly, and is therefore coupled with wormwood (Deut. 29:18; Jer. 9:15; Lam. 3:19). Comp. Jer. 8:14; 23:15, "water of gall," Gesenius, "poppy juice;" others, "water of hemlock," "bitter water." (3.) Gr. chole (Matt. 27:34), the LXX. translation of the Hebrew rosh in Ps. 69; 21, which foretells our Lord's sufferings. The drink offered to our Lord was vinegar (made of light wine rendered acid, the common drink of Roman soldiers) "mingled with gall," or, according to Mark (15:23), "mingled with myrrh;" both expressions meaning the same thing, namely, that the vinegar was made bitter by the infusion of wormwood or some other bitter substance, usually given, according to a merciful custom, as an anodyne to those who were crucified, to render them insensible to pain. Our Lord, knowing this, refuses to drink it. He would take nothing to cloud his faculties or blunt the pain of dying. He chooses to suffer every element of woe in the bitter cup of agony given him by the Father (John 18:11).

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Generation

Gen. 2:4, "These are the generations," means the "history." 5:1, "The book of the generations," means a family register, or history of Adam. 37:2, "The generations of Jacob" = the history of Jacob and his descendants. 7:1, "In this generation" = in this age. Ps. 49:19, "The generation of his fathers" = the dwelling of his fathers, i.e., the grave. Ps. 73:15, "The generation of thy children" = the contemporary race. Isa. 53:8, "Who shall declare his generation?" = His manner of life who shall declare? or rather = His race, posterity, shall be so numerous that no one shall be able to declare it. In Matt. 1:17, the word means a succession or series of persons from the same stock. Matt. 3:7, "Generation of vipers" = brood of vipers. 24:34, "This generation" = the persons then living contemporary with Christ. 1 Pet. 2:9, "A chosen generation" = a chosen people. The Hebrews seem to have reckoned time by the generation. In the time of Abraham a generation was an hundred years, thus: Gen. 15:16, "In the fourth generation" = in four hundred years (comp. verse 13 and Ex. 12:40). In Deut. 1:35 and 2:14 a generation is a period of thirty-eight years.

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Ghost

An old Saxon word equivalent to soul or spirit. It is the translation of the Hebrew nephesh_ and the Greek _pneuma, both meaning "breath," "life," "spirit," the "living principle" (Job 11:20; Jer. 15:9; Matt. 27:50; John 19:30). The expression "to give up the ghost" means to die (Lam. 1:19; Gen. 25:17; 35:29; 49:33; Job 3:11). (See HOLY [236]GHOST.)

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Grass

(1.) Heb. hatsir, ripe grass fit for mowing (1 Kings 18:5; Job 40:15; Ps. 104:14). As the herbage rapidly fades under the scorching sun, it is used as an image of the brevity of human life (Isa. 40:6, 7; Ps. 90:5). In Num. 11:5 this word is rendered "leeks." (2.) Heb. deshe', green grass (Gen. 1:11, 12; Isa. 66:14; Deut. 32:2). "The sickly and forced blades of grass which spring up on the flat plastered roofs of houses in the East are used as an emblem of speedy destruction, because they are small and weak, and because, under the scorching rays of the sun, they soon wither away" (2 Kings 19:26; Ps. 129:6; Isa. 37:27). The dry stalks of grass were often used as fuel for the oven (Matt. 6:30; 13:30; Luke 12:28).

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Heart

According to the Bible, the heart is the centre not only of spiritual activity, but of all the operations of human life. "Heart" and "soul" are often used interchangeably (Deut. 6:5; 26:16; comp. Matt. 22:37; Mark 12:30, 33), but this is not generally the case. The heart is the "home of the personal life," and hence a man is designated, according to his heart, wise (1 Kings 3:12, etc.), pure (Ps. 24:4; Matt. 5:8, etc.), upright and righteous (Gen. 20:5, 6; Ps. 11:2; 78:72), pious and good (Luke 8:15), etc. In these and such passages the word "soul" could not be substituted for "heart." The heart is also the seat of the conscience (Rom. 2:15). It is naturally wicked (Gen. 8:21), and hence it contaminates the whole life and character (Matt. 12:34; 15:18; comp. Eccl. 8:11; Ps. 73:7). Hence the heart must be changed, regenerated (Ezek. 36:26; 11:19; Ps. 51:10-14), before a man can willingly obey God. The process of salvation begins in the heart by the believing reception of the testimony of God, while the rejection of that testimony hardens the heart (Ps. 95:8; Prov. 28:14; 2 Chr. 36:13). "Hardness of heart evidences itself by light views of sin; partial acknowledgment and confession of it; pride and conceit; ingratitude; unconcern about the word and ordinances of God; inattention to divine providences; stifling convictions of conscience; shunning reproof; presumption, and general ignorance of divine things."

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Hiel

God lives; the life of God

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Hiram

exaltation of life; a destroyer

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Hope

One of the three main elements of Christian character (1 Cor. 13:13). It is joined to faith and love, and is opposed to seeing or possessing (Rom. 8:24; 1 John 3:2). "Hope is an essential and fundamental element of Christian life, so essential indeed, that, like faith and love, it can itself designate the essence of Christianity (1 Pet. 3:15; Heb. 10:23). In it the whole glory of the Christian vocation is centred (Eph. 1:18; 4:4)." Unbelievers are without this hope (Eph. 2:12; 1 Thess. 4:13). Christ is the actual object of the believer's hope, because it is in his second coming that the hope of glory will be fulfilled (1 Tim. 1:1; Col. 1:27; Titus 2:13). It is spoken of as "lively", i.e., a living, hope, a hope not frail and perishable, but having a perennial life (1 Pet. 1:3). In Rom. 5:2 the "hope" spoken of is probably objective, i.e., "the hope set before us," namely, eternal life (comp. 12:12). In 1 John 3:3 the expression "hope in him" ought rather to be, as in the Revised Version, "hope on him," i.e., a hope based on God.

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Jairus

A ruler of the synagogue at Capernaum, whose only daughter Jesus restored to life (Mark 5:22; Luke 8:41). Entering into the chamber of death, accompanied by Peter and James and John and the father and mother of the maiden, he went forward to the bed whereon the corpse lay, and said, Talitha cumi, i.e., "Maid, arise," and immediately the spirit of the maiden came to her again, and she arose straightway; and "at once to strengthen that life which had come back to her, and to prove that she was indeed no ghost, but had returned to the realities of a mortal existence, he commanded to give her something to eat" (Mark 5:43).

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Joha

who enlivens or gives life

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John, First Epistle of

The fourth of the catholic or "general" epistles. It was evidently written by John the evangelist, and probably also at Ephesus, and when the writer was in advanced age. The purpose of the apostle (1:1-4) is to declare the Word of Life to those to whom he writes, in order that they might be united in fellowship with the Father and his Son Jesus Christ. He shows that the means of union with God are, (1) on the part of Christ, his atoning work (1:7; 2:2; 3:5; 4:10, 14; 5:11, 12) and his advocacy (2:1); and (2), on the part of man, holiness (1:6), obedience (2:3), purity (3:3), faith (3:23; 4:3; 5:5), and love (2:7, 8; 3:14; 4:7; 5:1).

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Life

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Neck

Used sometimes figuratively. To "lay down the neck" (Rom. 16:4) is to hazard one's life. Threatenings of coming judgments are represented by the prophets by their laying bands upon the people's necks (Deut. 28:48; Isa. 10:27; Jer. 27:2). Conquerors put their feet on the necks of their enemies as a sign of their subjection (Josh. 10:24; 2 Sam. 22:41).

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Perseverance of the saints

Their certain continuance in a state of grace. Once justified and regenerated, the believer can neither totally nor finally fall away from grace, but will certainly persevere therein and attain everlasting life. This doctrine is clearly taught in these passages, John 10:28, 29; Rom. 11:29; Phil. 1:6; 1 Pet. 1:5. It, moreover, follows from a consideration of (1) the immutability of the divine decrees (Jer. 31:3; Matt. 24:22-24; Acts 13:48; Rom. 8:30); (2) the provisions of the covenant of grace (Jer. 32:40; John 10:29; 17:2-6); (3) the atonement and intercession of Christ (Isa. 53:6, 11; Matt. 20:28; 1 Pet. 2:24; John 11:42; 17:11, 15, 20; Rom. 8:34); and (4) the indwelling of the Holy Ghost (John 14:16; 2 Cor. 1:21, 22; 5:5; Eph. 1:14; 1 John 3:9). This doctrine is not inconsistent with the truth that the believer may nevertheless fall into grievous sin, and continue therein for some time. (See [469]BACKSLIDE.)

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Proverbs, Book of

A collection of moral and philosophical maxims of a wide range of subjects presented in a poetic form. This book sets forth the "philosophy of practical life. It is the sign to us that the Bible does not despise common sense and discretion. It impresses upon us in the most forcible manner the value of intelligence and prudence and of a good education. The whole strength of the Hebrew language and of the sacred authority of the book is thrown upon these homely truths. It deals, too, in that refined, discriminating, careful view of the finer shades of human character so often overlooked by theologians, but so necessary to any true estimate of human life" (Stanley's Jewish Church). As to the origin of this book, "it is probable that Solomon gathered and recast many proverbs which sprang from human experience in preceeding ages and were floating past him on the tide of time, and that he also elaborated many new ones from the material of his own experience. Towards the close of the book, indeed, are preserved some of Solomon's own sayings that seem to have fallen from his lips in later life and been gathered by other hands' (Arnot's Laws from Heaven, etc.) This book is usually divided into three parts: (1.) Consisting of ch. 1-9, which contain an exhibition of wisdom as the highest good. (2.) Consisting of ch. 10-24. (3.) Containing proverbs of Solomon "which the men of Hezekiah, the king of Judah, collected" (ch. 25-29). These are followed by two supplements, (1) "The words of Agur" (ch. 30); and (2) "The words of king Lemuel" (ch. 31). Solomon is said to have written three thousand proverbs, and those contained in this book may be a selection from these (1 Kings 4:32). In the New Testament there are thirty-five direct quotations from this book or allusions to it.

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Purification

The process by which a person unclean, according to the Levitical law, and thereby cut off from the sanctuary and the festivals, was restored to the enjoyment of all these privileges. The great annual purification of the people was on the Day of Atonement (q.v.). But in the details of daily life there were special causes of cermonial uncleanness which were severally provided for by ceremonial laws enacted for each separate case. For example, the case of the leper (Lev. 13, 14), and of the house defiled by leprosy (14:49-53; see also Matt. 8:2-4). Uncleanness from touching a dead body (Num. 19:11; Hos. 9:4; Hag. 2:13; Matt. 23:27; Luke 11:44). The case of the high priest and of the Nazarite (Lev. 21:1-4, 10, 11; Num. 6:6, 7; Ezek. 44:25). Purification was effected by bathing and washing the clothes (Lev. 14:8, 9); by washing the hands (Deut. 21:6; Matt. 27:24); washing the hands and feet (Ex. 30:18-21; Heb. 6:2, "baptisms", R.V. marg., "washings;" 9:10); sprinkling with blood and water (Ex. 24:5-8; Heb. 9:19), etc. Allusions to this rite are found in Ps. 26:6; 51:7; Ezek. 36:25; Heb. 10:22.

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Ransom

The price or payment made for our redemption, as when it is said that the Son of man "gave his life a ransom for many" (Matt. 20:28; comp. Acts 20:28; Rom. 3:23, 24; 1 Cor. 6:19, 20; Gal. 3:13; 4:4, 5: Eph. 1:7; Col. 1:14; 1 Tim. 2:6; Titus 2:14; 1 Pet. 1:18, 19. In all these passages the same idea is expressed). This word is derived from the Fr. rancon; Lat. redemptio. The debt is represented not as cancelled but as fully paid. The slave or captive is not liberated by a mere gratuitous favour, but a ransom price has been paid, in consideration of which he is set free. The original owner receives back his alienated and lost possession because he has bought it back "with a price." This price or ransom (Gr. lutron) is always said to be Christ, his blood, his death. He secures our redemption by the payment of a ransom. (See [521]REDEMPTION.)

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Sect

(Gr. hairesis, usually rendered "heresy", Acts 24:14; 1 Chr. 11:19; Gal. 5:20, etc.), meaning properly "a choice," then "a chosen manner of life," and then "a religious party," as the "sect" of the Sadducees (Acts 5:17), of the Pharisees (15:5), the Nazarenes, i.e., Christians (24:5). It afterwards came to be used in a bad sense, of those holding pernicious error, divergent forms of belief (2 Pet. 2:1; Gal. 5:20).

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Tiberius Caesar

I.e., as known in Roman history, Tiberius Claudius Nero, only mentioned in Luke 3:1. He was the stepson of Augustus, whom he succeeded on the throne, A.D. 14. He was noted for his vicious and infamous life. In the fifteenth year of his reign John the Baptist entered on his public ministry, and under him also our Lord taught and suffered. He died A.D. 37. He is frequently referred to simply as "Caesar" (Matt. 22:17, 21; Mark 12:14, 16, 17; Luke 20:22, 24, 25; 23:2; John 19:12, 15).

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Tree of life

Stood also in the midst of the garden of Eden (Gen. 2:9; 3:22). Some writers have advanced the opinion that this tree had some secret virtue, which was fitted to preserve life. Probably the lesson conveyed was that life was to be sought by man, not in himself or in his own power, but from without, from Him who is emphatically the Life (John 1:4; 14:6). Wisdom is compared to the tree of life (Prov. 3:18). The "tree of life" spoken of in the Book of Revelation (Rev. 2:7; 22:2, 14) is an emblem of the joys of the celestial paradise.

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Tree of the knowledge of good and evil

Stood in the midst of the garden of Eden, beside the tree of life (Gen. 2, 3). Adam and Eve were forbidden to take of the fruit which grew upon it. But they disobeyed the divine injunction, and so sin and death by sin entered our world and became the heritage of Adam's posterity. (See [641]ADAM.)

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The Gospels in 30 Days

Spend one month following the life, teaching, death, and resurrection of Jesus.

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Concept articles connected to this study

Soul / Nephesh

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Glosses

Lexicon definition

Glosses

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Glosses

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Glosses

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Glosses

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Complete dictionary entries

Life

Concordance

Life

Genesis 43

Exodus 16

Leviticus 48

Numbers 44

Deuteronomy 33

Joshua 15

Judges 8

Ruth 1

1 Samuel 28

2 Samuel 14

1 Kings 23

2 Kings 15

1 Chronicles 5

2 Chronicles 4

Esther 6

Job 47

Psalms 142

Proverbs 56

Ecclesiastes 10

Song of Solomon 7

Isaiah 33

Jeremiah 59

Lamentations 12

Ezekiel 33

Hosea 2

Amos 3

Jonah 5

Micah 3

Habakkuk 3

Haggai 1

Zechariah 1

Matthew 31

Mark 24

Luke 37

John 34

Acts 10

1 Corinthians 1

Galatians 1

Philippians 1

1 Timothy 2

Titus 2

James 1

1 Peter 1

1 John 3