SUBJECT · Complete Bible Study

Wall

Cities were surrounded by walls, as distinguished from "unwalled villages" (Ezek. 38:11; This unified study connects 7 installed resource categories without replacing their source records.

View overview sources
  • Historical Reference: Nave’s Topical Bible — Public domain
  • Historical Reference: Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897)
  • Historical Reference: concordance
  • Historical Reference: Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible lexical data / BDB-Strong mapping
  • Historical Reference: STEPBible TBESG (based primarily on Abbott-Smith)
  • Historical Reference: A Greek-English Lexicon to the New Testament
  • Historical Reference: Installed reference work

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Study overview

Study at a glance

Subject type
Subject
Strong’s
H1446, H1444, H1447, H1448, H2346, H3796, H7023, H0846, H3797, H7792, G3320, G5038, G5109, H2434, H7791
Hebrew
גְּדוֹר · Gᵉdôr
Greek
μεσότοιχος · mesotoichos

Strong’s and original-language information

Abbott-Smith Greek Lexicon

μεσότοιχος

G3320
Transliteration
mesotoichos
Language
Greek
Part of speech
G:N-N
Indexed occurrences
1

Glosses

wall, middle wall

Lexicon definition

μεσότοιχον, -ου, τό (μέσος, τοῖχος) a partition wall: Eph.2:14 (not elsewhere, but see LS, see word μεσότοιχος).† (AS)

Abbott-Smith Greek Lexicon

τεῖχος

G5038
Transliteration
teichos
Language
Greek
Part of speech
G:N-N
Indexed occurrences
9

Glosses

wall

Lexicon definition

τεῖχος, -ους, τό [in LXX chiefly for חוֹמָה ;] a wall, esp. that about a town: Act.9:25, 2Co.11:33, Heb.11:30, Rev.21:12-19 † (AS)

Abbott-Smith Greek Lexicon

τοῖχος

G5109
Transliteration
toichos
Language
Greek
Part of speech
G:N-M
Indexed occurrences
1

Glosses

wall

Lexicon definition

τοῖχος, -ου, ὁ [in LXX chiefly for קִיר ;] a wall, esp. of a house: figuratively, Act.23:3 (cf. τεῖχος).† (AS)

A Greek-English Lexicon to the New Testament

Τοῖχος

G5109
Transliteration
toîchos
Language
Greek
Indexed occurrences
1

Glosses

wall

Lexicon definition

a wall of a building, as distinct from a city wall or fortification (τεῖχος), Ac. 23.3.

Strong’s Hebrew and Greek Lexicon

כֹּתֶל

H3796
Transliteration
kôthel
Pronunciation
ko'-thel
Language
Hebrew
Indexed occurrences
1

Glosses

wall.

Lexicon definition

a wall (as gathering inmates)

Strong’s Hebrew and Greek Lexicon

אֻשַּׁרְנָא

H0846
Transliteration
ʼushsharnâʼ
Pronunciation
oosh-ar-naw'
Language
Hebrew
Indexed occurrences
2

Glosses

wall.

Lexicon definition

a wall (from its uprightness)

Strong’s Hebrew and Greek Lexicon

כְּתַל

H3797
Transliteration
kᵉthal
Pronunciation
keth-al'
Language
Hebrew
Indexed occurrences
2

Glosses

wall.

Lexicon definition

{a wall (as gathering inmates)}

Strong’s Hebrew and Greek Lexicon

חוֹמָה

H2346
Transliteration
chôwmâh
Pronunciation
kho-maw'
Language
Hebrew
Indexed occurrences
133

Glosses

wall, walled.

Lexicon definition

a wall of protection

Strong’s Hebrew and Greek Lexicon

קִיר

H7023
Transliteration
qîyr
Pronunciation
keer
Language
Hebrew
Indexed occurrences
74

Glosses

[phrase] mason, side, town, [idiom] very, wall.

Lexicon definition

a wall (as built in a trench)

Strong’s Hebrew and Greek Lexicon

קִיר

H7024
Transliteration
Qîyr
Pronunciation
keer
Language
Hebrew
Indexed occurrences
6

Glosses

Kir. Compare H7025 (קִיר חֶרֶשׂ).

Lexicon definition

Kir, a place in Assyrian

also one in Moab

Complete dictionary entries

Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897)

Wall

Cities were surrounded by walls, as distinguished from "unwalled villages" (Ezek. 38:11; Lev. 25:29-34). They were made thick and strong (Num. 13:28; Deut. 3:5). Among the Jews walls were built of stone, some of those in the temple being of great size (1 Kings 6:7; 7:9-12; 20:30; Mark 13:1, 2). The term is used metaphorically of security and safety (Isa. 26:1; 60:18; Rev. 21:12-20). (See [661]FENCE.)

Source: Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897) · View data sources

Concordance

Strong's Concordance

Wall

Indexed occurrences: 164

Source: Strong's Concordance · View data sources

Strong's Concordance

Walls

Indexed occurrences: 93

Source: Strong's Concordance · View data sources

All Scripture references317 references

Genesis 2

Exodus 5

Leviticus 7

Numbers 6

Deuteronomy 4

Joshua 3

Judges 1

1 Samuel 10

2 Samuel 8

1 Kings 22

2 Kings 17

1 Chronicles 7

2 Chronicles 14

Ezra 8

Nehemiah 38

Job 3

Psalms 15

Proverbs 4

Ecclesiastes 1

Song of Solomon 4

Isaiah 22

Jeremiah 16

Lamentations 3

Ezekiel 51

Daniel 1

Hosea 2

Joel 2

Amos 6

Micah 1

Nahum 5

Habakkuk 1

Zephaniah 1

Zechariah 3

Matthew 1

Mark 4

Luke 3

John 2

Acts 3

2 Corinthians 1

Ephesians 1

Hebrews 1

1 John 2

Revelation 6

Topical Bible

Sources

Ancient Context20 items

Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How Moses Made War With The Ethiopians.

Antiquities Book 2, Chapter 10

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

Concerning The Tabernacle Which Moses Built In The Wilderness For The Honor Of God And Which Seemed To Be A Temple.

Antiquities Book 3, Chapter 6

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

Concerning Balaam The Prophet And What Kind Of Man He Was.

Antiquities Book 4, Chapter 6

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

The Polity Settled By Moses; And How He Disappeared From Among Mankind.

Antiquities Book 4, Chapter 8

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How Joshua, The Commander Of The Hebrews, Made War With The Canaanites, And Overcame Them, And Destroyed Them, And Divided Their Land By Lot To The Tribes Of Israel.

Antiquities Book 5, Chapter 1

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How Saul Upon God's Not Answering Him Concerning The Fight With The Philistines Desired A Necromantic Woman To Raise Up The Soul Of Samuel To Him; And How He Died, With His Sons Upon The Overthrow Of The Hebrews In Battle.

Antiquities Book 6, Chapter 14

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How David Fell In Love With Bathsheba, And Slew Her Husband Uriah, For Which He Is Reproved By Nathan.

Antiquities Book 7, Chapter 7

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

What Charge David Gave To his Son Solomon At The Approach Of His Death, And How Many Things He Left Him For The Building Of The Temple.

Antiquities Book 7, Chapter 15

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

Of The Building Of This Temple

Antiquities Book 8, Chapter 3

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

Concerning Jehoshaphat The King Of Jerusalem And How Ahab Made An Expedition Against The Syrians And Was Assisted Therein By Jehoshaphat, But Was Himself Overcome In Battle And Perished Therein.

Antiquities Book 8, Chapter 15

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

Concerning Nebuchadnezzar And His Successors And How Their Government Was Dissolved By The Persians; And What Things Befell Daniel In Media; And What Prophecies He Delivered There.

Antiquities Book 10, Chapter 11

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How Xerxes The Son Of Darius Was Well Disposed To The Jews; As Also Concerning Esdras And Nehemiah.

Antiquities Book 11, Chapter 5

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How Trypho After He Had Beaten Demetrius Delivered The Kingdom To Antiochus The Son Of Alexander, And Gained Jonathan For His Assistant; And Concerning The Actions And Embassies Of Jonathan.

Antiquities Book 13, Chapter 5

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

Hyrcanus Receives The High Priesthood, And Ejects Ptolemy Out Of The Country. Antiochus Makes War Against Hyrcanus And Afterwards Makes A League With Him.

Antiquities Book 13, Chapter 8

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How Upon The Quarrel Between Antiochus Grypus And Antiochus Cyzicenus About The Kingdom Hyrcanus Tooksamaria, And Utterly Demolished It; And How Hyrcanus Joined Himself To The Sect Of The Sadducees, And Left That Of The Pharisees.

Antiquities Book 13, Chapter 10

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How Pompey When The Citizens Of Jerusalem Shut Their Gates Against Him Besieged The City And Took It By Force; As Also What Other Things He Did In Judea.

Antiquities Book 14, Chapter 4

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How Herod Sailed Out Of Italy To Judea, And Fought With Antigonus And What Other Things Happened In Judea About That Time.

Antiquities Book 14, Chapter 15

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How Herod, When He Had Married Mariamne Took Jerusalem With The Assistance Of Sosius By Force; And How The Government Of The Asamoneans Was Put An End To.

Antiquities Book 14, Chapter 16

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How Ten Men Of The Citizens [Of Jerusalem] Made A Conspiracy Against Herod, For The Foreign Practices He Had Introduced, Which Was A Transgression Of The Laws Of Their Country. Concerning The Building Of Sebaste And Cæsarea, And Other Edifices Of Herod.

Antiquities Book 15, Chapter 8

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How Herod Rebuilt The Temple And Raised It Higher And Made It More Magnificent Than It Was Before; As Also Concerning That Tower Which He Called Antonia.

Antiquities Book 15, Chapter 11

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Related UNLEARN Content43 items

Case File

I Can Do All Things Through Christ EXCEPT...

"I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me." It’s on gym walls, graduation cards, and social media bios. We’ve been taught that this verse is a blank check for personal…

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Topic

WALLS

Nave’s Topical Bible references for WALLS.

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Dictionary

Abishur

father of the wall; father of uprightness

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Azekah

strength of walls

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Bani

Built. (1.) 1 Chr. 6:46. (2.) One of David's thirty-seven warriors, a Gadite (2 Sam. 23:36). (3.) Ezra 2:10; 10:29, 34, 38. (4.) A Levite who was prominent in the reforms on the return from Babylon (Neh. 8:7; 9:4, 5). His son Rehum took part in rebuilding the wall of Jerusalem (Neh. 3:17).

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Bashan-havoth-jair

The Bashan of the villages of Jair, the general name given to Argob by Jair, the son of Manasseh (Deut. 3:14), containing sixty cities with walls and brazen gates (Josh. 13:30; 1 Kings 4:13). (See [50]ARGOB.)

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Battering-ram

(Ezek. 4:2; 21:22), a military engine, consisting of a long beam of wood hung upon a frame, for making breaches in walls. The end of it which was brought against the wall was shaped like a ram's head.

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Battlement

A parapet wall or balustrade surrounding the flat roofs of the houses, required to be built by a special law (Deut. 22:8). In Jer. 5:10, it denotes the parapet of a city wall.

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Beth-gilgal

House of Gilgal, a place from which the inhabitants gathered for the purpose of celebrating the rebuilding of the walls on the return exile (Neh. 12:29). (See [65]GILGAL.)

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Beth-shean

House of security or rest, a city which belonged to Manasseh (1 Chr. 7:29), on the west of Jordan. The bodies of Saul and his sons were fastened to its walls. In Solomon's time it gave its name to a district (1 Kings 4:12). The name is found in an abridged form, Bethshan, in 1 Sam. 31:10, 12 and 2 Sam. 21:12. It is on the road from Jerusalem to Damascus, about 5 miles from the Jordan, and 14 from the south end of the Lake of Gennesaret. After the Captivity it was called Scythopolis, i.e., "the city of the Scythians," who about B.C. 640 came down from the steppes of Southern Russia and settled in different places in Syria. It is now called Beisan.

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Breach

An opening in a wall (1 Kings 11:27; 2 Kings 12:5); the fracture of a limb (Lev. 24:20), and hence the expression, "Heal, etc." (Ps. 60:2). Judg. 5:17, a bay or harbour; R.V., "by his creeks."

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Ceiling

The covering (1 Kings 7:3, 7) of the inside roof and walls of a house with planks of wood (2 Chr. 3:5; Jer. 22:14). Ceilings were sometimes adorned with various ornaments in stucco, gold, silver, gems, and ivory. The ceilings of the temple and of Solomon's palace are described 1 Kings 6:9, 15; 7:3; 2 Chr. 3:5, 9.

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Chamber

"on the wall," which the Shunammite prepared for the prophet Elisha (2 Kings 4:10), was an upper chamber over the porch through the hall toward the street. This was the "guest chamber" where entertainments were prepared (Mark 14:14). There were also "chambers within chambers" (1 Kings 22:25; 2 Kings 9:2). To enter into a chamber is used metaphorically of prayer and communion with God (Isa. 26:20). The "chambers of the south" (Job 9:9) are probably the constelations of the southern hemisphere. The "chambers of imagery", i.e., chambers painted with images, as used by Ezekiel (8:12), is an expression denoting the vision the prophet had of the abominations practised by the Jews in Jerusalem.

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Cyrene

a wall; coldness; the floor

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Dung

(1.) Used as manure (Luke 13:8); collected outside the city walls (Neh. 2:13). Of sacrifices, burned outside the camp (Ex. 29:14; Lev. 4:11; 8:17; Num. 19:5). To be "cast out as dung," a figurative expression (1 Kings 14:10; 2 Kings 9:37; Jer. 8:2; Ps. 18:42), meaning to be rejected as unprofitable. (2.) Used as fuel, a substitute for firewood, which was with difficulty procured in Syria, Arabia, and Egypt (Ezek. 4:12-15), where cows' and camels' dung is used to the present day for this purpose.

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Dwell

Tents were in primitive times the common dwellings of men. Houses were afterwards built, the walls of which were frequently of mud (Job 24:16; Matt. 6:19, 20) or of sun-dried bricks. God "dwells in light" (1 Tim. 6:16; 1 John 1:7), in heaven (Ps. 123:1), in his church (Ps. 9:11; 1 John 4:12). Christ dwelt on earth in the days of his humiliation (John 1:14). He now dwells in the hearts of his people (Eph. 3:17-19). The Holy Spirit dwells in believers (1 Cor. 3:16; 2 Tim. 1:14). We are exhorted to "let the word of God dwell in us richly" (Col. 3:16; Ps. 119:11). Dwell deep occurs only in Jer. 49:8, and refers to the custom of seeking refuge from impending danger, in retiring to the recesses of rocks and caverns, or to remote places in the desert.

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Engines

(1.) Heb. hishalon i.e., "invention" (as in Eccl. 7:29) contrivances indicating ingenuity. In 2 Chr. 26:15 it refers to inventions for the purpose of propelling missiles from the walls of a town, such as stones (the Roman balista) and arrows (the catapulta). (2.) Heb. mechi kobollo, i.e., the beating of that which is in front a battering-ram (Ezek. 26:9), the use of which was common among the Egyptians and the Assyrians. Such an engine is mentioned in the reign of David (2 Sam. 20:15).

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Fenced cities

There were in Palestine (1) cities, (2) unwalled villages, and (3) villages with castles or towers (1 Chr. 27:25). Cities, so called, had walls, and were thus fenced. The fortifications consisted of one or two walls, on which were towers or parapets at regular intervals (2 Chr. 32:5; Jer. 31:38). Around ancient Jerusalem were three walls, on one of which were ninety towers, on the second fourteen, and on the third sixty. The tower of Hananeel, near the north-east corner of the city wall, is frequently referred to (Neh. 3:1; 12:39; Zech. 14:10). The gateways of such cities were also fortified (Neh. 2:8; 3:3, 6; Judg. 16:2, 3; 1 Sam. 23:7). The Hebrews found many fenced cities when they entered the Promised Land (Num. 13:28; 32:17, 34-42; Josh. 11:12, 13; Judg. 1:27-33), and we may estimate the strength of some of these cities from the fact that they were long held in possession by the Canaanites. The Jebusites, e.g., were enabled to hold possession of Jerusalem till the time of David (2 Sam. 5:6, 7; 1 Chr. 11:5). Several of the kings of Israel and Judah distinguished themselves as fortifiers or "builders" of cities.

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Gap

A rent or opening in a wall (Ezek. 13:5; comp. Amos 4:3). The false prophets did not stand in the gap (Ezek. 22: 30), i.e., they did nothing to stop the outbreak of wickedness.

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Geder

Gederah, Gederoth, a wall

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Gedor

A wall. (1.) A city in the mountains or hill country of Judah (Josh. 15:58), identified with Jedar, between Jerusalem and Hebron. (2.) 1 Chr. 4:39, the Gederah of Josh. 15:36, or the well-known Gerar, as the LXX. read, where the patriarchs of old had sojourned and fed their flocks (Gen. 20:1, 14, 15; 26:1, 6, 14). (3.) A town apparently in Benjamin (1 Chr. 12:7), the same probably as Geder (Josh. 12:13).

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Geshem

Or Gashmu, firmness, probably chief of the Arabs south of Palestine, one of the enemies of the Jews after the return from Babylon (Neh. 2:19; 6:1, 2). He united with Sanballat and Tobiah in opposing the rebuilding of the wall of Jerusalem.

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Hail

Frozen rain-drops; one of the plagues of Egypt (Ex. 9:23). It is mentioned by Haggai as a divine judgment (Hag. 2:17). A hail-storm destroyed the army of the Amorites when they fought against Joshua (Josh. 10:11). Ezekiel represents the wall daubed with untempered mortar as destroyed by great hail-stones (Ezek. 13:11). (See also 38:22; Rev. 8:7; 11:19; 16:21.)

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Hamath-zobah

the heat, or the wall, of an army

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Hamath

anger; heat; a wall

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Horse-gate

A gate in the wall of Jerusalem, at the west end of the bridge, leading from Zion to the temple (Neh. 3:28; Jer. 31:40).

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Hyssop

(Heb. ezob; LXX. hyssopos), first mentioned in Ex. 12:22 in connection with the institution of the Passover. We find it afterwards mentioned in Lev. 14:4, 6, 52; Num. 19:6, 18; Heb. 9:19. It is spoken of as a plant "springing out of the wall" (1 Kings 4:33). Many conjectures have been formed as to what this plant really was. Some contend that it was a species of marjoram (origanum), six species of which are found in Palestine. Others with more probability think that it was the caper plant, the Capparis spinosa of Linnaeus. This plant grew in Egypt, in the desert of Sinai, and in Palestine. It was capable of producing a stem three or four feet in length (Matt. 27:48; Mark 15:36. Comp. John 19:29). __________________________________________________________________

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Jadon

Judge, a Meronothite who assisted in rebuilding the walls of Jerusalem (Neh. 3:7).

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Jezreel, Fountain of

Where Saul encamped before the battle of Gilboa (1 Sam. 29:1). In the valley under Zerin there are two considerable springs, one of which, perhaps that here referred to, "flows from under a sort of cavern in the wall of conglomerate rock which here forms the base of Gilboa. The water is excellent; and issuing from crevices in the rocks, it spreads out at once into a fine limpid pool forty or fifty feet in diameter, full of fish" (Robinson). This may be identical with the "well of Harod" (Judg. 7:1; comp. 2 Sam. 23:25), probably the Ain Jalud, i.e., the "spring of Goliath."

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Journey

(1.) A day's journey in the East is from 16 to 20 miles (Num. 11:31). (2.) A Sabbath-day's journey is 2,000 paces or yards from the city walls (Acts 1:12). According to Jewish tradition, it was the distance one might travel without violating the law of Ex. 16:29. (See [324]SABBATH.)

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Kir

a city; wall; meeting

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Kirharaseth

Kirharesh, city of the sun; wall of burnt brick

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Kithlish

it is a wall; the company of a lioness

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Milaiai

Eloquent, a Levitical musician (Neh. 12:36) who took part in the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem.

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Old gate

One of the gates in the north wall of Jerusalem, so called because built by the Jebusites (Neh. 3:6; 12:39).

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Peres

Divided, one of the mysterious words "written over against the candlestick upon the plaster of the wall" of king Belshazzar's palace (Dan. 5:28). (See [466]MENE.)

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Rabshakeh

Chief of the princes, the name given to the chief cup-bearer or the vizier of the Assyrian court; one of Sennacherib's messengers to Hezekiah. See the speech he delivered, in the Hebrew language, in the hearing of all the people, as he stood near the wall on the north side of the city (2 Kings 18:17-37). He and the other envoys returned to their master and reported that Hezekiah and his people were obdurate, and would not submit.

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Sheep-gate

One of the gates of Jerusalem mentioned by Nehemiah (3:1, 32; 12:39). It was in the eastern wall of the city.

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Shihon

sound; wall of strength

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Shur

wall; ox; that beholds

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Tower of the furnaces

(Neh. 3:11; 12:38), a tower at the north-western angle of the second wall of Jerusalem. It was probably so named from its contiguity to the "bakers' street" (Jer. 37:21).

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Wailing-place, Jews'

A section of the western wall of the temple area, where the Jews assemble every Friday afternoon to bewail their desolate condition (Ps. 79:1, 4, 5). The stones in this part of the wall are of great size, and were placed, as is generally believed, in the position in which they are now found in the time of Solomon. "The congregation at the wailing-place is one of the most solemn gatherings left to the Jewish Church, and as the writer gazed at the motley concourse he experienced a feeling of sorrow that the remnants of the chosen race should be heartlessly thrust outside the sacred enclosure of their fathers' holy temple by men of an alien race and an alien creed. Many of the elders, seated on the ground, with their backs against the wall, on the west side of the area, and with their faces turned toward the eternal house, read out of their well-thumbed Hebrew books passages from the prophetic writings, such as Isa. 64:9-12" (King's Recent Discoveries, etc.). The wailing-place of the Jews, viewed in its past spiritual and historic relations, is indeed "the saddest nook in this vale of tears." (See LAMENTATIONS, BOOK [660]OF.)

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Wall

Cities were surrounded by walls, as distinguished from "unwalled villages" (Ezek. 38:11; Lev. 25:29-34). They were made thick and strong (Num. 13:28; Deut. 3:5). Among the Jews walls were built of stone, some of those in the temple being of great size (1 Kings 6:7; 7:9-12; 20:30; Mark 13:1, 2). The term is used metaphorically of security and safety (Isa. 26:1; 60:18; Rev. 21:12-20). (See [661]FENCE.)

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