SUBJECT · Complete Bible Study

Pharaoh

A common name of the kings of Egypt. We meet with it as early as Gen. Pharaoh is rendered in the installed Bible Names resource as “that disperses; that spoils.” This unified study connects 8 installed resource categories without replacing their source records.

View overview sources

Historical Reference: Nave’s Topical Bible — Public domain
Historical Reference: Hitchcock’s Bible Names Dictionary (1869)
Historical Reference: topics
Historical Reference: Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
Historical Reference: A Biblical and Theological Dictionary
Historical Reference: concordance
Historical Reference: Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible lexical data / BDB-Strong mapping
Historical Reference: STEPBible TBESG (based primarily on Abbott-Smith)
Historical Reference: Installed reference work

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Subject type: Subject
Strong’s: H6547, G5328
Hebrew: פַּרְעֹה · Parʻôh
Greek: Φαραώ · Pharaō
Name meaning: that disperses; that spoils According to Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

Strong’s and original-language information

Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible lexical data / BDB-Strong mapping

פַּרְעֹה

H6547

Transliteration: Parʻôh
Pronunciation: par-o'
Language: Hebrew
Indexed occurrences: 274

Glosses

Pharaoh, Pharaoh.

Lexicon definition

Paroh, a general title of Egyptian kings

Abbott-Smith Greek Lexicon

Φαραώ

G5328

Transliteration: Pharaō
Language: Greek
Part of speech: N:N--T
Indexed occurrences: 5

Glosses

Pharaoh

Lexicon definition

Φαραώ, ὁ indecl. (in FlJ, Ant., viii, 6, 2, Φαραών, -ῶνος), (Heb. פַּרְעֹה), Pharaoh, the general title of the kings of Egypt: Act.7:13, 21, Rom.9:17, Heb.11:24; Φ. βασιλεὺς Αἰγύπτου, Act.7:10.† (AS)

Strong’s Hebrew and Greek Lexicon

פַּרְעֹה

H6547

Transliteration: Parʻôh
Pronunciation: par-o'
Language: Hebrew
Indexed occurrences: 274

Glosses

Pharaoh.

Lexicon definition

Paroh, a general title of Egyptian kings

Strong’s Hebrew and Greek Lexicon

Φαραώ

G5328

Transliteration: Pharaṓ
Language: Greek
Indexed occurrences: 5

Glosses

Pharaoh

Lexicon definition

Pharao (i.e. Pharoh), an Egyptian king

Complete dictionary entries

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

Pharaoh

that disperses; that spoils

Source: Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary · View data sources

A Biblical and Theological Dictionary

PHARAOH

a common name of the kings of Egypt. We meet with it as early as Gen. xii, 15. Josephus says, that all the kings of Egypt, from Minæus, the founder of Memphis, who lived several ages before Abraham, always had the name of Pharaoh, down to the time of Solomon, for more than three thousand three hundred years. He adds, that, in the Egyptian language, the word Pharaoh means _king_, and that these princes did not assume the name until they ascended the throne, at which time they quitted their former name.

Source: A Biblical and Theological Dictionary · View data sources

Concordance

Strong's Concordance

Pharaoh

Indexed occurrences: 216

Source: Strong's Concordance · View data sources

All Scripture references282 references

Topical Bible

Nave's Topical Bible

PHARAOH

Entry:

Nave’s Topical Bible references for PHARAOH.

Indexed references: 2

Scripture references:

Genesis 12:14 Psalms 105:14

Source: Nave's Topical Bible · View data sources

Nave's Topical Bible

Pharaoh

Indexed references: 1

Scripture references:

Exo 14:9

Source: Nave's Topical Bible · View data sources

Bible Names

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

Pharaoh

Meaning:

that disperses; that spoils

Source: Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary · View data sources

Sources

Historical Reference: Nave’s Topical Bible — Public domain
Historical Reference: Hitchcock’s Bible Names Dictionary (1869)
Historical Reference: topics
Historical Reference: Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
Historical Reference: A Biblical and Theological Dictionary
Historical Reference: concordance
Historical Reference: Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible lexical data / BDB-Strong mapping
Historical Reference: STEPBible TBESG (based primarily on Abbott-Smith)
Historical Reference: Installed reference work

Ancient Context7 items

Josephus Antiquities Whiston

What Things Befell Joseph In Prison.

Antiquities Book 2, Chapter 5

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How Moses And Aaron Returned Into Egypt To Pharaoh.

Antiquities Book 2, Chapter 13

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

Concerning The Ten Plagues Which Came Upon The Egyptians.

Antiquities Book 2, Chapter 14

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How The Sea Was Divided Asunder For The Hebrews, When They Were Pursued By The Egyptians, And So Gave Them An Opportunity Of Escaping From Them.

Antiquities Book 2, Chapter 16

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How Solomon Fortified The City Of Jerusalem, And Built Great Cities; And How He Brought Some Of The Canaanites Into Subjection, And Entertained The Queen Of Egypt And Of Ethiopia.

Antiquities Book 8, Chapter 6

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

How Solomon Grew Rich, And Fell Desperately In Love With Women And How God, Being Incensed At It, Raised Up Ader And Jeroboam Against Him. Concerning The Death Of Solomon.

Antiquities Book 8, Chapter 7

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Josephus Antiquities Whiston

Concerning Jehoshaphat The King Of Jerusalem And How Ahab Made An Expedition Against The Syrians And Was Assisted Therein By Jehoshaphat, But Was Himself Overcome In Battle And Perished Therein.

Antiquities Book 8, Chapter 15

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PHARAOH

Nave’s Topical Bible references for PHARAOH.

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Dictionary

Adoption

The giving to any one the name and place and privileges of a son who is not a son by birth. (1.) Natural. Thus Pharaoh's daughter adopted Moses (Ex. 2:10), and Mordecai Esther (Esther 2:7). (2.) National. God adopted Israel (Ex. 4:22; Deut. 7:6; Hos. 11:1; Rom. 9:4). (3.) Spiritual. An act of God's grace by which he brings men into the number of his redeemed family, and makes them partakers of all the blessings he has provided for them. Adoption represents the new relations into which the believer is introduced by justification, and the privileges connected therewith, viz., an interest in God's peculiar love (John 17:23; Rom. 5:5-8), a spiritual nature (2 Pet. 1:4; John 1:13), the possession of a spirit becoming children of God (1 Pet. 1:14; 2 John 4; Rom. 8:15-21; Gal. 5:1; Heb. 2:15), present protection, consolation, supplies (Luke 12:27-32; John 14:18; 1 Cor. 3:21-23; 2 Cor. 1:4), fatherly chastisements (Heb. 12:5-11), and a future glorious inheritance (Rom. 8:17, 23; James 2:5; Phil. 3:21).

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Dictionary

Chariot

A vehicle generally used for warlike purposes. Sometimes, though but rarely, it is spoken of as used for peaceful purposes. The first mention of the chariot is when Joseph, as a mark of distinction, was placed in Pharaoh's second state chariot (Gen. 41:43); and the next, when he went out in his own chariot to meet his father Jacob (46:29). Chariots formed part of the funeral procession of Jacob (50:9). When Pharaoh pursued the Israelites he took 600 war-chariots with him (Ex. 14:7). The Canaanites in the valleys of Palestine had chariots of iron (Josh. 17:18; Judg. 1:19). Jabin, the king of Canaan, had 900 chariots (Judg. 4:3); and in Saul's time the Philistines had 30,000. In his wars with the king of Zobah and with the Syrians, David took many chariots among the spoils (2 Sam. 8:4; 10:18). Solomon maintained as part of his army 1,400 chariots (1 Kings 10:26), which were chiefly imported from Egypt (29). From this time forward they formed part of the armies of Israel (1 Kings 22:34; 2 Kings 9:16, 21; 13:7, 14; 18:24; 23:30). In the New Testament we have only one historical reference to the use of chariots, in the case of the Ethiopian eunuch (Acts. 8:28, 29, 38). This word is sometimes used figuratively for hosts (Ps. 68:17; 2 Kings 6:17). Elijah, by his prayers and his counsel, was "the chariot of Israel, and the horsemen thereof." The rapid agency of God in the phenomena of nature is also spoken of under the similitude of a chariot (Ps. 104:3; Isa. 66:15; Hab. 3:8). Chariot of the cherubim (1 Chr. 28:18), the chariot formed by the two cherubs on the mercy-seat on which the Lord rides. Chariot cities were set apart for storing the war-chariots in time of peace (2 Chr. 1:14). Chariot horses were such as were peculiarly fitted for service in chariots (2 Kings 7:14). Chariots of war are described in Ex. 14:7; 1 Sam. 13:5; 2 Sam. 8:4; 1 Chr. 18:4; Josh. 11:4; Judg. 4:3, 13. They were not used by the Israelites till the time of David. Elijah was translated in a "chariot of fire" (2 Kings 2:11). Comp. 2 Kings 6:17. This vision would be to Elisha a source of strength and encouragement, for now he could say, "They that be with us are more than they that be with them."

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Dictionary

Dream

God has frequently made use of dreams in communicating his will to men. The most remarkable instances of this are recorded in the history of Jacob (Gen. 28:12; 31:10), Laban (31:24), Joseph (37:9-11), Gideon (Judg. 7), and Solomon (1 Kings 3:5). Other significant dreams are also recorded, such as those of Abimelech (Gen. 20:3-7), Pharaoh's chief butler and baker (40:5), Pharaoh (41:1-8), the Midianites (Judg. 7:13), Nebuchadnezzar (Dan. 2:1; 4:10, 18), the wise men from the east (Matt. 2:12), and Pilate's wife (27:19). To Joseph "the Lord appeared in a dream," and gave him instructions regarding the infant Jesus (Matt. 1:20; 2:12, 13, 19). In a vision of the night a "man of Macedonia" stood before Paul and said, "Come over into Macedonia and help us" (Acts 16:9; see also 18:9; 27:23).

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Dictionary

Enchantments

(1.) The rendering of Hebrew latim_ or _lehatim, which means "something covered," "muffled up;" secret arts, tricks (Ex. 7:11, 22; 8:7, 18), by which the Egyptian magicians imposed on the credulity of Pharaoh. (2.) The rendering of the Hebrew keshaphim, "muttered spells" or "incantations," rendered "sorceries" in Isa. 47:9, 12, i.e., the using of certain formulae under the belief that men could thus be bound. (3.) Hebrew lehashim, "charming," as of serpents (Jer. 8:17; comp. Ps. 58:5). (4.) Hebrew nehashim, the enchantments or omens used by Balaam (Num. 24:1); his endeavouring to gain omens favourable to his design. (5.) Hebrew heber (Isa. 47:9, 12), "magical spells." All kinds of enchantments were condemned by the Mosaic law (Lev. 19:26; Deut. 18:10-12). (See [186]DIVINATION.)

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Dictionary

First-born

Sons enjoyed certain special privileges (Deut. 21:17; Gen. 25:23, 31, 34; 49:3; 1 Chr. 5:1; Heb. 12:16; Ps. 89:27). (See [211]BIRTHRIGHT.) The "first-born of the poor" signifies the most miserable of the poor (Isa. 14:30). The "church of the first-born" signifies the church of the redeemed. The destruction of the first-born was the last of the ten plagues inflicted on the Egyptians (Ex. 11:1-8; 12:29, 30). Menephtah is probably the Pharaoh whose first-born was slain. His son did not succeed or survive his father, but died early. The son's tomb has been found at Thebes unfinished, showing it was needed earlier than was expected. Some of the records on the tomb are as follows: "The son whom Menephtah loves; who draws towards him his father's heart, the singer, the prince of archers, who governed Egypt on behalf of his father. Dead."

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Dictionary

Handmaid

Servant (Gen. 16:1; Ruth 3:9; Luke 1:48). It is probable that Hagar was Sarah's personal attendant while she was in the house of Pharaoh, and was among those maid-servants whom Abram had brought from Egypt.

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Dictionary

Herdsman

In Egypt herdsmen were probably of the lowest caste. Some of Joseph's brethren were made rulers over Pharaoh's cattle (Gen. 47:6, 17). The Israelites were known in Egypt as "keepers of cattle;" and when they left it they took their flocks and herds with them (Ex. 12:38). Both David and Saul came from "following the herd" to occupy the throne (1 Sam. 9; 11:5; Ps. 78:70). David's herd-masters were among his chief officers of state. The daughters also of wealthy chiefs were wont to tend the flocks of the family (Gen. 29:9; Ex. 2:16). The "chief of the herdsmen" was in the time of the monarchy an officer of high rank (1 Sam. 21:7; comp. 1 Chr. 27:29). The herdsmen lived in tents (Isa. 38:12; Jer. 6:3); and there were folds for the cattle (Num. 32:16), and watch-towers for the herdsmen, that he might therefrom observe any coming danger (Micah 4:8; Nah. 3:8).

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Dictionary

Hophra

I.e., PHARAOH-HOPHRA (called Apries by the Greek historian Herodotus) king of Egypt (B.C. 591-572) in the time of Zedekiah, king of Judah (Jer. 37:5 44:30; Ezek. 29:6, 7).

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Dictionary

Horseman

Heb. ba'al parash, "master of a horse." The "horsemen" mentioned Ex. 14:9 were "mounted men", i.e., men who rode in chariots. The army of Pharaoh consisted of a chariot and infantry force. We find that at a later period, however, the Egyptians had cavalry (2 Chr. 12:3). (See [286]HORSE.)

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Dictionary

Kine

(Heb. sing. parah, i.e., "fruitful"), mentioned in Pharaoh's dream (Gen. 41: 18). Here the word denotes "buffaloes," which fed on the reeds and sedge by the river's brink.

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Dictionary

Moabite

The designation of a tribe descended from Moab, the son of Lot (Gen. 19:37). From Zoar, the cradle of this tribe, on the south-eastern border of the Dead Sea, they gradually spread over the region on the east of Jordan. Rameses II., the Pharaoh of the Oppression, enumerates Moab (Muab) among his conquests. Shortly before the Exodus, the warlike Amorites crossed the Jordan under Sihon their king and drove the Moabites (Num. 21:26-30) out of the region between the Arnon and the Jabbok, and occupied it, making Heshbon their capital. They were then confined to the territory to the south of the Arnon. On their journey the Israelites did not pass through Moab, but through the "wilderness" to the east (Deut. 2:8; Judg. 11:18), at length reaching the country to the north of the Arnon. Here they remained for some time till they had conquered Bashan (see [412]SIHON; [413]OG). The Moabites were alarmed, and their king, Balak, sought aid from the Midianites (Num. 22:2-4). It was while they were here that the visit of Balaam (q.v.) to Balak took place. (See [414]MOSES.) After the Conquest, the Moabites maintained hostile relations with the Israelites, and frequently harassed them in war (Judg. 3:12-30; 1 Sam. 14). The story of Ruth, however, shows the existence of friendly relations between Moab and Bethlehem. By his descent from Ruth, David may be said to have had Moabite blood in his veins. Yet there was war between David and the Moabites (2 Sam. 8:2; 23:20; 1 Chr. 18:2), from whom he took great spoil (2 Sam. 8:2, 11, 12; 1 Chr. 11:22; 18:11). During the one hundred and fifty years which followed the defeat of the Moabites, after the death of Ahab (see [415]MESHA), they regained, apparently, much of their former prosperty. At this time Isaiah (15:1) delivered his "burden of Moab," predicting the coming of judgment on that land (comp. 2 Kings 17:3; 18:9; 1 Chr. 5:25, 26). Between the time of Isaiah and the commencement of the Babylonian captivity we have very seldom any reference to Moab (Jer. 25:21; 27:3; 40:11; Zeph. 2:8-10). After the Return, it was Sanballat, a Moabite, who took chief part in seeking to prevent the rebuilding of Jerusalem (Neh. 2:19; 4:1; 6:1).

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Dictionary

Pharaoh's daughters

Three princesses are thus mentioned in Scripture: (1.) The princess who adopted the infant Moses (q.v.), Ex. 2:10. She is twice mentioned in the New Testament (Acts 7:21: Heb. 11:24). It would seem that she was alive and in some position of influence about the court when Moses was compelled to flee from Egypt, and thus for forty years he had in some way been under her influence. She was in all probability the sister of Rameses, and the daughter of Seti I. Josephus calls her Thermuthis. It is supposed by some that she was Nefert-ari, the wife as well as sister of Rameses. The mummy of this queen was among the treasures found at Deir-el-Bahari. (2.) "Bithiah the daughter of Pharaoh, which Mered took (1 Chr. 4:18). (3.) The wife of Solomon (1 Kings 3:1). This is the first reference since the Exodus to any connection of Israel with Egypt.

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Dictionary

Pharaoh

that disperses; that spoils

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Dictionary

Queen

No explicit mention of queens is made till we read of the "queen of Sheba." The wives of the kings of Israel are not so designated. In Ps. 45:9, the Hebrew for "queen" is not malkah, one actually ruling like the Queen of Sheba, but shegal, which simply means the king's wife. In 1 Kings 11:19, Pharaoh's wife is called "the queen," but the Hebrew word so rendered (g'birah) is simply a title of honour, denoting a royal lady, used sometimes for "queen-mother" (1 Kings 15:13; 2 Chron. 15:16). In Cant. 6:8, 9, the king's wives are styled "queens" (Heb. melakhoth). In the New Testament we read of the "queen of the south", i.e., Southern Arabia, Sheba (Matt. 12:42; Luke 11:31) and the "queen of the Ethiopians" (Acts 8:27), Candace.

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Wheat

One of the earliest cultivated grains. It bore the Hebrew name hittah, and was extensively cultivated in Palestine. There are various species of wheat. That which Pharaoh saw in his dream was the Triticum compositum, which bears several ears upon one stalk (Gen. 41:5). The "fat of the kidneys of wheat" (Deut. 32:14), and the "finest of the wheat" (Ps. 81:16; 147:14), denote the best of the kind. It was exported from Palestine in great quantities (1 Kings 5:11; Ezek. 27:17; Acts 12:20). Parched grains of wheat were used for food in Palestine (Ruth 2:14; 1 Sam. 17:17; 2 Sam. 17:28). The disciples, under the sanction of the Mosaic law (Deut. 23:25), plucked ears of corn, and rubbing them in their hands, ate the grain unroasted (Matt. 12:1; Mark 2:23; Luke 6:1). Before any of the wheat-harvest, however, could be eaten, the first-fruits had to be presented before the Lord (Lev. 23:14).

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Strong’s and original-language information

Glosses

Lexicon definition

Glosses

Lexicon definition

Glosses

Lexicon definition

Glosses

Lexicon definition

Complete dictionary entries

Pharaoh

PHARAOH

Concordance

Pharaoh

Genesis 74

Exodus 119

Deuteronomy 8

Ruth 2

1 Samuel 2

1 Kings 15

2 Kings 11

1 Chronicles 1

2 Chronicles 1

Nehemiah 1

Esther 1

Psalms 3

Song of Solomon 1

Isaiah 4

Jeremiah 10

Ezekiel 12

Micah 1

Mark 1

Luke 4

John 3

Acts 6

Romans 1

James 1

Topical Bible

PHARAOH

Pharaoh

Bible Names

Pharaoh

Sources

What Things Befell Joseph In Prison.

How Moses And Aaron Returned Into Egypt To Pharaoh.

Concerning The Ten Plagues Which Came Upon The Egyptians.

How The Sea Was Divided Asunder For The Hebrews, When They Were Pursued By The Egyptians, And So Gave Them An Opportunity Of Escaping From Them.

How Solomon Fortified The City Of Jerusalem, And Built Great Cities; And How He Brought Some Of The Canaanites Into Subjection, And Entertained The Queen Of Egypt And Of Ethiopia.

How Solomon Grew Rich, And Fell Desperately In Love With Women And How God, Being Incensed At It, Raised Up Ader And Jeroboam Against Him. Concerning The Death Of Solomon.

Concerning Jehoshaphat The King Of Jerusalem And How Ahab Made An Expedition Against The Syrians And Was Assisted Therein By Jehoshaphat, But Was Himself Overcome In Battle And Perished Therein.

PHARAOH

Adoption

Chariot

Dream

Enchantments

First-born

Handmaid

Herdsman

Hophra

Horseman

Kine

Moabite

Pharaoh's daughters

Pharaoh

Queen

Wheat

Genesis

Psalm

Grace

Israel

Adoption

Giving

Birth

Moses

Mordecai

Esther

National

Spiritual

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